4 title => 'charset cheat sheet',
7 "Reference sheet with all glyphs in common character encoding tables,",
8 "and an overview of Unicode ranges and UTF-8 bytes.",
11 charset codepage unicode ascii utf8 latin glyph character encoding
12 reference common overview table
14 stylesheet => [qw'light'],
15 data => [qw'charset-unicode.inc.pl charset-utf8.inc.pl'],
18 my @tablist = split /[^\w-]+/, $Request || 'default';
21 <h1>Character encoding</h1>
25 use Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar;
26 my $glyphs = Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar->new;
30 # generate character table(s)
31 my $input = shift or return;
34 default => [qw( unicode+0-192 utf-8 iso-8859-1 iso-8859-15 cp1252 cp437 cp850 )],
35 us => [qw( cp437 cp863 AdobeStandardEncoding gsm0338 )],
36 ebcdic => [qw( cp37 cp500 cp875 cp1026 cp1047 posix-bc )],
37 iso => [map {"iso-8859-$_"} 1 .. 11, 13 .. 16],
38 dos => [qw( cp437 cp863 cp850 cp860 cp852 cp855 cp866 cp864 cp1006 cp737 cp869 cp862 cp862 cp857 cp865 cp861 cp874 cp775 )],
40 westeur => [qw( iso-8859-1 iso-8859-15 cp1252 iso-8859-14 cp850 hp-roman8 nextstep MacRoman )],
41 centeur => [qw( iso-8859-2 iso-8859-16 cp1250 cp852 MacRomanian MacCroatian MacCentralEurRoman )], # MacRumanian only for DB
42 turkish => [qw( iso-8859-9 iso-8859-3 cp1254 cp857 MacTurkish )],
43 baltic => [qw( iso-8859-4 iso-8859-13 cp1257 cp775 )],
44 nordic => [qw( iso-8859-10 cp865 cp861 MacIcelandic MacSami )],
45 cyrillic => [qw( koi8-f koi8-r koi8-u iso-8859-5 cp1251 MacCyrillic cp855 cp866 )], # MacUkrainian is broken
46 arabic => [qw( iso-8859-6 cp1006 cp864 cp1256 MacArabic )], # MacFarsi same as MacArabic?
47 greek => [qw( iso-8859-7 cp1253 MacGreek cp737 cp869 )],
48 hebrew => [qw( iso-8859-8 cp1255 MacHebrew cp862 )],
49 thai => [qw( iso-8859-11 cp874 MacThai )],
50 vietnamese => [qw( viscii cp1258 MacVietnamese )],
51 symbol => [qw( symbol dingbats MacDingbats AdobeZdingbat AdobeSymbol )],
65 if (my $follow = $ALIAS->{$input}) {
66 tabinput($_) for ref $follow ? @{$follow} : $follow;
70 state $visible = {}; # all present tables
71 my %row = (offset => 0, cols => 16);
73 my $params = $input =~ s/[+](.*)\z// ? $1 : undef;
75 if (not defined $params) {
76 use List::Util qw( first pairfirst pairs );
79 'cp437' => ['cp850' => 0], # ascii range overridden later
80 'gsm0338' => ['ascii' => '0-127'],
82 'iso-8859-2' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
83 'iso-8859-3' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
84 'iso-8859-4' => ['iso-8859-2' => '160'],
85 'iso-8859-5' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
86 'iso-8859-6' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
87 'iso-8859-7' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
88 'iso-8859-8' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
89 'iso-8859-9' => ['iso-8859-1' => '208'],
90 'iso-8859-10' => ['iso-8859-4' => '160'],
91 'iso-8859-11' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
92 'iso-8859-13' => ['iso-8859-4' => '160'],
93 'iso-8859-14' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
94 'iso-8859-15' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160-191'],
95 'iso-8859-16' => ['iso-8859-2' => '160'],
97 'cp1252' => ['iso-8859-1' => '128-159'],
98 'cp1250' => ['iso-8859-2' => '128-191'],
99 'cp1254' => ['iso-8859-9' => '128-159'],
100 'cp1257' => ['iso-8859-13' => '128-'],
102 'cp850' => ['cp437' => '144'],
103 'cp865' => ['cp437' => '144-176'],
104 'cp852' => ['cp850' => '128', 'cp437' => '128'],
105 'cp857' => ['cp850' => '128-239', 'cp437' => '128'],
106 'cp775' => ['cp850' => '128'], # partial cp437
108 'MacRomanian' => ['MacRoman' => '160'],
109 'MacCroatian' => ['MacRoman' => '160'],
110 'MacCentralEurRoman' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
111 'MacTurkish' => ['MacRoman' => '208-223'], # F5 is unassigned
114 my @parents = @{ $INHERIT->{$input} || [] };
116 if (my ($parent, $part) = pairfirst { $visible->{$a} } @parents) {
117 $row{parent} = $parent;
120 elsif ($visible->{ascii}) {
121 $row{parent} = $parents[0] || 'ascii';
122 $params = $parents[1] || 128;
123 $params = 128 if $params >= 128; # ascii offset at most
126 $row{parent} = $parents[0];
130 if (defined $params and $params =~ m/^ (\d+) (-\d+)? /x) {
132 $endpoint = -$2 if $2;
135 if ($input =~ /^U([0-9a-f]+)(?:-([0-9a-f]+))?/) {
136 my $start = hex($1) << ($2 ? 4 : 8);
137 my $end = $2 ? hex($2) << 4 : $start + 240;
138 $row{table} = join '', map { chr } $start .. $end+15;
139 utf8::upgrade($row{table}); # prevent latin1 output
140 $row{len} = length $row{table};
141 $row{set} = sprintf 'Unicode block U+%02Xxx', $start >> 8;
143 elsif ($input eq 'U') {
145 $row{set} = 'Unicode planes';
146 $row{cell} = do 'charset-ucplanes.inc.pl'
147 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
150 elsif ($row{set} = Encode::resolve_alias($input)) {
151 if ($row{set} eq 'Internal') {
152 $row{len} = $endpoint < 255 ? 640 : 8192;
153 $row{set} = 'Unicode BMP';
154 $row{cell} = do 'charset-unicode.inc.pl'
155 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
157 elsif ($row{set} eq 'utf-8-strict') {
160 $row{cell} = do 'charset-utf8.inc.pl'
161 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
164 if ($row{set} eq 'MacHebrew') {
165 # array of possibly multiple characters per code point
167 map { Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $_) } $row{offset} .. $endpoint
171 # ~16x faster than decoding in loop;
172 # substr strings is twice as fast as splitting to an array
173 $row{table} = Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $row{offset} .. $endpoint);
175 $row{len} = $endpoint - $row{offset};
177 if ($row{set} eq 'cp437' and !$row{offset}) {
178 substr($row{table}, 237, 1) = pack 'U*', 0x3D5; # phi sign
179 substr($row{table}, 0, 32) = pack 'U*', map {hex} qw(
180 2007 263A 263B 2665 2666 2663 2660 2022
181 25D8 25CB 25D9 2642 2640 266A 266B 263C
182 25BA 25C4 2195 203C 00B6 00A7 25AC 21A8
183 2191 2193 2192 2190 221F 2194 25B2 25BC
187 $visible->{ascii} = # assume common base
188 $visible->{ $row{set} } = 1;
192 Alert("Encoding <q>$input</q> unknown");
195 push @request, \%row;
197 tabinput($_) for @tablist;
199 my $NOCHAR = chr 0xFFFD;
202 my ($info, $offset) = @_;
203 my $table = $info->{cell} or return;
204 my $def = $table->{$offset} or return;
205 my ($len, $class, $name, $title) = @{$def};
207 my $cols = $info->{cols};
208 my $colsize = $table->{colsize} || 1;
211 $name //= $len <= 2 ? 'res' : 'reserved';
213 if (my $part = $offset/$colsize % $cols) {
215 my $rest = $cols - $part; # remaining
216 $rest = $len if $len < $rest; #TODO: optimise
218 # continued on new row
219 my @next = ($len * $colsize, "$class joinu");
222 push @next, $name, $title;
227 # minority on next row
228 push @next, '"', $title || $name;
230 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rest} //= \@next;
235 elsif (my $rows = int($len / $cols)) {
237 if ($len -= $rows * $cols) {
238 # partial row remains
239 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rows * $cols} //= [$len*$colsize, "$class joinu", '', $title];
242 $attr .= sprintf ' rowspan=%d', $rows;
246 $attr .= sprintf ' colspan=%d', $len unless $len == 1;
247 $attr .= $1 if $class and $class =~ s/( \w+="[^"]*")//;
248 $attr .= sprintf ' class="%s"', $class if $class;
249 $attr .= sprintf ' title="%s"', EscapeHTML($title) if $title;
250 return "<td$attr>$name";
253 for my $row (@request) {
254 my $cols = $row->{cols};
255 my $colsize = $row->{cell} && $row->{cell}->{colsize} || 1;
256 my $coldigits = ceil(log($colsize * $cols) / log(16)); # uniform length of hexadecimal header
257 my $rowdiv = 16 ** $coldigits; # row divide for column digits
258 $rowdiv = 1 if $rowdiv != $cols * $colsize; # divide only if all columns are matched
260 my $endpoint = $offset + $row->{len} * $colsize;
262 printf '<div class="section"><table class="glyphs%s">', !$row->{cell} && ' charmap';
263 my $title = $row->{set};
264 $title .= " <aside>(over $_)</aside>"
265 for grep { $_ ne 'iso-8859-1' } $row->{parent} // ();
266 printf '<caption>%s</caption>', $title;
267 print '<col>' x ($cols + 1);
268 for my $section (qw{thead}) {
269 print "<$section><tr><th>", $rowdiv == 1 ? '+' : '↱';
270 printf '<th>%0*X', $coldigits, $_ * $colsize for 0 .. $cols - 1;
274 while ($offset < $endpoint - 1) {
277 if (my $rowmod = $offset % $rowdiv) {
278 # offset in column units
279 printf '<small>+%X</small>', $rowmod;
283 printf '%X', ($offset + $row->{offset}) / $rowdiv;
288 print range_cell($row, $offset);
292 my $glyph = ref $row->{table} eq 'ARRAY' ? $row->{table}->[$offset] :
293 substr $row->{table}, $offset, 1;
294 if ($glyph eq $NOCHAR) {
299 print "\n".$glyphs->glyph_cell($glyph);
306 say '</table></div>';
313 <table class="glyphs"><tr>
314 <td class="X Cc">control
315 <td class="X Zs"><span>whitespace</span>
316 <td class="X Mn">diacritic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
317 <td class="X Sk">letter
319 <td class="X Po">punctuation<table class="glyphs"><tr>
320 <td class="X Pf">quote
322 <td class="X So">symbol<table class="glyphs"><tr>
323 <td class="X Sm">math
324 <td class="X Sc">currency
326 <td class="X No">numeric
327 <td class="X Greek">greek<table class="glyphs"><tr>
328 <td class="X Latin">latin
329 <td class="X Cyrillic">cyrillic
331 <td class="X Aramaic">aramaic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
332 <td class="X Brahmic">brahmic
333 <td class="X Arabic">arabic
335 <td class="X Syllabic">syllabic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
336 <td class="X African">african
337 <td class="X Hiragana">japanese
338 <td class="X Han">cjk
339 <td class="X Bopomofo">chinese
341 <td class="X Alpha">alphabetic
344 <table class="glyphs"><tr>
345 <td class="X">unicode 7.0
346 <td class="X Xr">proposed
347 <td class="X Xd">deprecated
348 <td class="">unassigned
349 <td class="X Xi">invalid