<(common.inc.plp)><: Html({ title => 'charset cheat sheet', version => '1.0', description => [ "Reference sheet with all glyphs in common character encoding tables,", "and an overview of Unicode ranges and UTF-8 bytes.", ], keywords => [qw' charset codepage unicode ascii utf8 latin glyph character encoding reference common overview table '], stylesheet => [qw'light'], data => [qw'charset-unicode.inc.pl charset-utf8.inc.pl'], }); my @tablist = split /[^\w-]+/, $Request || 'default'; :>

Character encoding

<: use POSIX qw( ceil ); use Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar; my $glyphs = Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar->new; my @request; sub tabinput { # generate character table(s) my $input = shift or return; state $ALIAS = { default => [qw( unicode+0-192 utf-8 iso-8859-1 iso-8859-15 cp1252 cp437 cp850 )], us => [qw( cp437 cp863 AdobeStandardEncoding gsm0338 )], ebcdic => [qw( cp37 cp500 cp875 cp1026 cp1047 posix-bc )], iso => [map {"iso-8859-$_"} 1 .. 11, 13 .. 16], dos => [qw( cp437 cp865 cp861 cp860 cp863 cp850 cp857 cp852 cp775 cp737 cp869 cp866 cp855 cp862 cp864 )], aix => [qw( cp1006 )], win => [qw( cp1252 cp1250 cp1254 cp1257 cp1258 cp1253 cp1251 cp1255 cp1256 cp874 )], westeur => [qw( iso-8859-1 iso-8859-15 cp1252 iso-8859-14 cp850 hp-roman8 nextstep MacRoman )], centeur => [qw( iso-8859-2 iso-8859-16 cp1250 cp852 MacRomanian MacCroatian MacCentralEurRoman )], # MacRumanian only for DB turkish => [qw( iso-8859-9 iso-8859-3 cp1254 cp857 MacTurkish )], baltic => [qw( iso-8859-4 iso-8859-13 cp1257 cp775 )], nordic => [qw( iso-8859-10 cp865 cp861 MacIcelandic MacSami )], cyrillic => [qw( koi8-r koi8-u koi8-f iso-8859-5 cp1251 MacCyrillic cp866 cp855 )], # MacUkrainian is broken arabic => [qw( iso-8859-6 cp1006 cp864 cp1256 MacArabic )], # MacFarsi same as MacArabic? greek => [qw( iso-8859-7 cp1253 MacGreek cp737 cp869 )], hebrew => [qw( iso-8859-8 cp1255 MacHebrew cp862 )], thai => [qw( iso-8859-11 cp874 MacThai )], vietnamese => [qw( viscii cp1258 MacVietnamese )], symbol => [qw( symbol dingbats MacDingbats AdobeZdingbat AdobeSymbol )], # iso-code shorthand 1 => 'westeur', 2 => 'centeur', 3 => 'turkish', 4 => 'baltic', 5 => 'cyrillic', 6 => 'arabic', 7 => 'greek', 8 => 'hebrew', 9 => 'turkish', 10 => 'nordic', 11 => 'thai', }; if (my $follow = $ALIAS->{$input}) { tabinput($_) for ref $follow ? @{$follow} : $follow; return; } state $visible = {}; # all present tables my %row = (offset => 0, cols => 16); my $endpoint = 255; my $params = $input =~ s/[+](.*)\z// ? $1 : undef; if (not defined $params) { use List::Util qw( first pairfirst pairs ); state $INHERIT = { 'cp437' => ['cp850' => 0], # ascii range overridden later 'gsm0338' => ['ascii' => '0-127'], 'iso-8859-2' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'], 'iso-8859-3' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'], 'iso-8859-4' => ['iso-8859-2' => '160'], 'iso-8859-5' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'], 'iso-8859-6' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'], 'iso-8859-7' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'], 'iso-8859-8' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'], 'iso-8859-9' => ['iso-8859-1' => '208'], 'iso-8859-10' => ['iso-8859-4' => '160'], 'iso-8859-11' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'], 'iso-8859-13' => ['iso-8859-4' => '160'], 'iso-8859-14' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'], 'iso-8859-15' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160-191'], 'iso-8859-16' => ['iso-8859-2' => '160'], 'hp-roman8' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'], 'cp1252' => ['iso-8859-1' => '128-159'], 'cp1250' => ['iso-8859-2' => '128-191'], 'cp1254' => ['iso-8859-9' => '128-159'], 'cp874' => ['iso-8859-11' => '128-159'], # windows-874 actually cp1162 'cp1257' => ['iso-8859-13' => '128'], 'cp1251' => ['cp1252' => '128'], 'cp1253' => ['cp1252' => '128'], 'cp1255' => ['iso-8859-8' => '128-223', 'cp1252' => '128'], 'cp1256' => ['cp1252' => '128'], 'cp850' => ['cp437' => '144'], 'cp860' => ['cp437' => '128-175'], 'cp861' => ['cp865' => '128-175'], 'cp863' => ['cp437' => '128-175'], 'cp865' => ['cp437' => '144-175'], 'cp852' => ['cp850' => '128', 'cp437' => '128'], 'cp857' => ['cp850' => '128-239', 'cp437' => '128'], 'cp775' => ['cp850' => '128'], # partial cp437 'cp866' => ['cp437' => '128'], 'cp855' => ['cp437' => '128'], 'cp1006' => ['cp437' => '128'], 'cp737' => ['cp437' => '128'], 'cp869' => ['cp437' => '128'], 'cp862' => ['cp437' => '128'], 'cp864' => ['cp437' => '128'], 'koi8-u' => ['koi8-r' => 128], 'koi8-f' => ['koi8-u' => 128], 'MacRomanian' => ['MacRoman' => '160'], 'MacCroatian' => ['MacRoman' => '160'], 'MacCentralEurRoman' => ['MacRoman' => '128'], 'MacTurkish' => ['MacRoman' => '208-223'], # F5 is unassigned 'MacCyrillic' => ['MacRoman' => '128'], 'MacHebrew' => ['MacRoman' => '128'], }; my @parents = @{ $INHERIT->{$input} || [] }; if (my ($parent, $part) = pairfirst { exists $visible->{$a} } @parents) { $row{parent} = $parent; $params = $part; $_ eq $part or $params = 128 for $visible->{$parent} // (); } elsif (exists $visible->{ascii}) { $row{parent} = $parents[0]; $params = $parents[1] || 128; exists $visible->{$_} or $visible->{$_} = $params for $row{parent}; $params = 128 if $params >= 128; # ascii offset at most } elsif (@parents) { $row{parent} = $parents[0]; } exists $visible->{$_} or $visible->{$_} = $params // 0 for $row{parent}; } if (defined $params and $params =~ m/^ (\d+) (-\d+)? /x) { $row{offset} = $1; $endpoint = -$2 if $2; } if ($input =~ /^U([0-9a-f]+)(?:-([0-9a-f]+))?/) { my $start = hex($1) << ($2 ? 4 : 8); my $end = $2 ? hex($2) << 4 : $start + 240; $row{table} = join '', map { chr } $start .. $end+15; utf8::upgrade($row{table}); # prevent latin1 output $row{len} = length $row{table}; $row{set} = sprintf 'Unicode block U+%02Xxx', $start >> 8; } elsif ($input eq 'U') { $row{len} = 1024; $row{set} = 'Unicode planes'; $row{cell} = do 'charset-ucplanes.inc.pl' or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!); $row{cols} *= 2; } elsif ($row{set} = Encode::resolve_alias($input)) { if ($row{set} eq 'Internal') { $row{len} = $endpoint < 255 ? 640 : 8192; $row{set} = 'Unicode BMP'; $row{cell} = do 'charset-unicode.inc.pl' or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!); } elsif ($row{set} eq 'utf-8-strict') { $row{len} = 256; $row{set} = 'UTF-8'; $row{cell} = do 'charset-utf8.inc.pl' or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!); } else { if ($row{set} eq 'MacHebrew') { # array of possibly multiple characters per code point $row{table} = [ map { Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $_) } $row{offset} .. $endpoint ]; } else { # ~16x faster than decoding in loop; # substr strings is twice as fast as splitting to an array $row{table} = Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $row{offset} .. $endpoint); } $row{len} = $endpoint - $row{offset}; if ($row{set} eq 'cp437' and !$row{offset}) { substr($row{table}, 237, 1) = pack 'U*', 0x3D5; # phi sign substr($row{table}, 0, 32) = pack 'U*', map {hex} qw( 2007 263A 263B 2665 2666 2663 2660 2022 25D8 25CB 25D9 2642 2640 266A 266B 263C 25BA 25C4 2195 203C 00B6 00A7 25AC 21A8 2191 2193 2192 2190 221F 2194 25B2 25BC ); } $visible->{ascii} = # assume common base $visible->{ $row{set} } = undef; } } else { Alert("Encoding $input unknown"); return; } push @request, \%row; } tabinput($_) for @tablist; my $NOCHAR = chr 0xFFFD; sub range_cell { my ($info, $offset) = @_; my $table = $info->{cell} or return; my $def = $table->{$offset} or return; my ($len, $class, $name, $title) = @{$def}; my $cols = $info->{cols}; my $colsize = $table->{colsize} || 1; my $attr = ''; $len /= $colsize; $name //= $len <= 2 ? 'res' : 'reserved'; if (my $part = $offset/$colsize % $cols) { # continued row my $rest = $cols - $part; # remaining $rest = $len if $len < $rest; #TODO: optimise if ($len -= $rest) { # continued on new row my @next = ($len * $colsize, "$class joinu"); if ($len > $rest) { # minority remains push @next, $name, $title; $title ||= $name; $name = ''; } else { # minority on next row push @next, '"', $title || $name; } $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rest} //= \@next; $class .= ' joind'; } $len = $rest; } elsif (my $rows = int($len / $cols)) { # multiple full rows if ($len -= $rows * $cols) { # partial row remains $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rows * $cols} //= [$len*$colsize, "$class joinu", '', $title]; $class .= ' joind'; } $attr .= sprintf ' rowspan=%d', $rows; $len = $cols; } $attr .= sprintf ' colspan=%d', $len unless $len == 1; $attr .= $1 if $class and $class =~ s/( \w+="[^"]*")//; $attr .= sprintf ' class="%s"', $class if $class; $attr .= sprintf ' title="%s"', EscapeHTML($title) if $title; return "$name"; } for my $row (@request) { my $cols = $row->{cols}; my $colsize = $row->{cell} && $row->{cell}->{colsize} || 1; my $coldigits = ceil(log($colsize * $cols) / log(16)); # uniform length of hexadecimal header my $rowdiv = 16 ** $coldigits; # row divide for column digits $rowdiv = 1 if $rowdiv != $cols * $colsize; # divide only if all columns are matched my $offset = 0; my $endpoint = $offset + $row->{len} * $colsize; printf '

', !$row->{cell} && ' charmap'; my $title = $row->{set}; $title .= " " for grep { $_ ne 'iso-8859-1' } $row->{parent} // (); printf '', $title; print '' x ($cols + 1); for my $section (qw{thead}) { print "<$section>'; while ($offset < $endpoint - 1) { print '

%s
", $rowdiv == 1 ? '+' : '↱'; printf '	%0X', $coldigits, $_ $colsize for 0 .. $cols - 1; print "\n"; } print '
'; { if (my $rowmod = $offset % $rowdiv) { # offset in column units printf '+%X', $rowmod; } else { # divided row offset printf '%X', ($offset + $row->{offset}) / $rowdiv; } } for (1 .. $cols) { if ($row->{cell}) { print range_cell($row, $offset); next; } my $glyph = ref $row->{table} eq 'ARRAY' ? $row->{table}->[$offset] : substr $row->{table}, $offset, 1; if ($glyph eq $NOCHAR) { print '	'; next; } print "\n".$glyphs->glyph_cell($glyph); } continue { $offset += $colsize; } print "\n"; } say '

'; } :>

control

whitespace

diacritic

letter

punctuation

quote

symbol

math

currency

numeric

greek

latin

cyrillic

aramaic

brahmic

arabic

syllabic

african

japanese

cjk

chinese

alphabetic

unicode 7.0

proposed

deprecated

unassigned

invalid