(common.inc.plp)><:
Html({
title => 'charset cheat sheet',
version => '1.0',
description => [
"Reference sheet with all glyphs in common character encoding tables,",
"and an overview of Unicode ranges and UTF-8 bytes.",
],
keywords => [qw'
charset codepage unicode ascii utf8 latin glyph character encoding
reference common overview table
'],
stylesheet => [qw'light'],
data => [qw'charset-unicode.inc.pl charset-ucplanes.inc.pl charset-utf8.inc.pl'],
});
my @tablist = split m{/+}, $Request || 'default';
use List::Util qw( first pairmap pairfirst pairs );
:>
Character encodings
<:
if ($tablist[0] eq 'default') {
say "Overview of Unicode allocation and common latin code pages.";
say "Compare alternate charsets:";
}
else {
say "Charset comparison:";
}
sub optionlink {
my ($title, $href, $selected) = @_;
return sprintf(
$selected ? '%s' : '%s',
EscapeHTML($title), $href
);
}
print join " •\n", (
map {
join " ·\n", pairmap {
optionlink($b || ucfirst $a, '/charset'.($a && "/$a?compare"), $a eq $Request);
} @{$_}
}
[
iso => 'ISO',
win => 'Windows',
dos => 'DOS',
mac => 'Apple',
ebcdic => 'EBCDIC',
$tablist[0] eq 'default' ? () : ('' => 'common'),
],
[
westeur => 'West',
centeur => 'Central',
norteur => 'North European',
turkish => 0,
greek => 0,
cyrillic => 0,
hebrew => 0,
],
);
:>.
<:
use POSIX qw( ceil );
use Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar;
my $glyphs = Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar->new;
my @request;
sub tabinput {
# generate character table(s)
my $input = shift or return;
state $ALIAS = {
default => [qw( u+0-639 utf-8+realsize iso-8859-1 iso-8859-15 cp1252 cp437 cp850 )],
unicode => [qw( uu+cols=32+realsize u+0-4095 u+4096-6319 u+6320-8191 )],
us => [qw( cp437 cp863 gsm0338 AdobeStandardEncoding )],
ebcdic => [qw( cp37 cp500 cp1047 posix-bc cp1026 cp875 )],
iso => [map {"iso-8859-$_"} 1 .. 11, 13 .. 16],
dos => [qw( cp437 cp865 cp861 cp860 cp863 cp850 cp857 cp852 cp775
cp737 cp869 cp866 cp855 cp862 cp864 )],
aix => [qw( cp1006 )],
win => [qw( cp1252 cp1250 cp1254 cp1257 cp1258 cp1253 cp1251 cp1255 cp1256 cp874 )],
mac => [qw( MacRoman MacRomanian MacRumanian MacCroatian MacCentralEurRoman MacTurkish MacIcelandic MacSami
MacGreek MacCyrillic MacHebrew MacArabic MacFarsi MacThai )],
# languages
westeur => [qw( iso-8859-1 iso-8859-15 cp1252 iso-8859-14 cp850 hp-roman8 nextstep MacRoman )],
centeur => [qw( iso-8859-2 iso-8859-16 cp1250 cp852 MacRomanian MacCroatian MacCentralEurRoman )], # MacRumanian only for DB
turkish => [qw( iso-8859-9 iso-8859-3 cp1254 cp857 MacTurkish )],
norteur => [qw( baltic nordic )],
baltic => [qw( iso-8859-4 iso-8859-13 cp1257 cp775 )],
nordic => [qw( iso-8859-10 cp865 cp861 MacIcelandic MacSami )],
cyrillic => [qw( koi8-r koi8-u koi8-f iso-8859-5 cp1251 MacCyrillic cp866 cp855
U4 U2DE-2DF UA64-A69 U50-52 )], # MacUkrainian is broken
arabic => [qw( iso-8859-6 cp1256 MacArabic cp864 cp1006 MacFarsi
U6 U8A-8F+0-31+64 U75-77 )],
greek => [qw( iso-8859-7 cp1253 MacGreek cp737 cp869 U37-3F U1F )],
hebrew => [qw( iso-8859-8 cp1255 MacHebrew cp862 U59-5F )],
thai => [qw( iso-8859-11 cp874 MacThai )],
vietnamese => [qw( viscii cp1258 MacVietnamese )],
symbols => [qw( symbol dingbats MacDingbats wingdings wingdings2 wingdings3 webdings )],
# iso-code shorthand
1 => 'westeur',
2 => 'centeur',
3 => 'turkish',
4 => 'baltic',
5 => 'cyrillic',
6 => 'arabic',
7 => 'greek',
8 => 'hebrew',
9 => 'turkish',
10 => 'nordic',
11 => 'thai',
};
if (my $follow = $ALIAS->{$input}) {
tabinput($_) for ref $follow ? @{$follow} : $follow;
return;
}
state $visible = {'' => 1}; # all present tables
my %row = (offset => 0, cols => 16);
my $params = $input =~ s/[+](.*)\z// ? $1 : undef;
if (not defined $params) {
state $INHERIT = {
'cp437' => ['cp850' => 0, 'ascii' => '0-31+128'], # ascii range overridden later
'gsm0338' => ['ascii' => '0-127'],
'dingbats' => ['' => '32-127+160'],
'MacDingbats' => ['dingbats' => '128-159'],
'AdobeZdingbat'=> ['MacDingbats' => '128-159'], # should be identical but maps to private use
'symbol' => ['' => '32-127+160'],
'AdobeSymbol' => ['symbol' => '32-127+160', '' => '32-127+160'], # minor differences, irrelevant except for different '€'
'wingdings' => ['' => '32'],
'wingdings2' => ['' => '32'],
'wingdings3' => ['' => '32'],
'webdings' => ['' => '32'],
'iso-8859-2' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
'iso-8859-3' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'], #TODO: also apply to iso-8859-9
'iso-8859-4' => ['iso-8859-2' => '160'],
'iso-8859-5' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
'iso-8859-6' => ['cp1256' => '128', 'iso-8859-1' => '160'],
'iso-8859-7' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
'iso-8859-8' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
'iso-8859-9' => ['iso-8859-1' => '208-223+240'],
'iso-8859-10' => ['iso-8859-4' => '160'],
'iso-8859-11' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
'iso-8859-13' => ['iso-8859-4' => '160'],
'iso-8859-14' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
'iso-8859-15' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160-191'],
'iso-8859-16' => ['iso-8859-2' => '160'],
'hp-roman8' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
'cp1252' => ['iso-8859-1' => '128-159'],
'cp1250' => ['iso-8859-2' => '128-191', 'cp1252' => '128'],
'cp1254' => ['iso-8859-9' => '128-159', 'cp1252' => '128-159+208'],
'cp874' => ['iso-8859-11' => '128-159', 'cp1252' => '128'], # windows-874 actually cp1162
'cp1257' => ['iso-8859-13' => '128-159+255', 'cp1252' => '128'],
'cp1251' => ['cp1252' => '128'],
'cp1253' => ['cp1252' => '128'],
'cp1255' => ['iso-8859-8' => '128-223', 'cp1252' => '128'],
'cp1256' => ['cp1252' => '128'],
'cp1258' => ['cp1252' => '128-159+192'],
'cp850' => ['cp437' => '144'],
'cp860' => ['cp437' => '128-175'],
'cp861' => ['cp865' => '128-175'],
'cp863' => ['cp437' => '128-175'],
'cp865' => ['cp437' => '144-175'],
'cp852' => ['cp850' => '128', 'cp437' => '128'],
'cp857' => ['cp850' => '128-175+208-239', 'cp437' => '128'],
'cp775' => ['cp850' => '128'], # partial cp437
'cp866' => ['cp437' => '128-175+224'],
'cp855' => ['cp437' => '128'],
'cp1006' => ['iso-8859-6' => '160', 'cp437' => '128'],
'cp737' => ['cp437' => '128-175+224'],
'cp869' => ['cp437' => '128'],
'cp862' => ['cp437' => '128-159'],
'cp864' => ['MacArabic' => '128', 'iso-8859-6' => '128', 'cp437' => '128'], #TODO: compare form variants
'koi8-u' => ['koi8-r' => '144-191'],
'koi8-f' => ['koi8-u' => '144-191'],
'MacRomanian' => ['MacRoman' => '160-191+208-223'],
'MacRumanian' => ['MacRomanian' => '160-191+208-223', 'MacRoman' => '160-191+208-223'],
'MacCroatian' => ['MacRoman' => '160'],
'MacCentralEurRoman' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
'MacIcelandic'=> ['MacRoman' => '160-175+208-239'],
'MacTurkish' => ['MacRoman' => '208-223'], # F5 is unassigned
'MacSami' => ['MacIcelandic' => '144-191+208-223+240', 'MacRoman' => '144'],
'MacGreek' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
'MacCyrillic' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
'MacHebrew' => ['iso-8859-8' => '128', 'MacRoman' => '128-143+160'], # partial ascii
'MacArabic' => ['iso-8859-6' => '128', 'cp864' => '128', 'MacRoman' => '128'], #TODO: multiple parents
'MacFarsi' => ['MacArabic' => '176-191', 'MacRoman' => '128'],
'cp37' => ['posix-bc' => '0'],
'posix-bc' => ['cp1047' => '64'],
'cp500' => ['cp37' => '64-95+176-191'],
'cp1047' => ['cp37' => '16-47+80-95+160-191'],
'cp1026' => ['cp37' => '64'],
'cp875' => ['cp37' => '48'],
};
my @parents = @{ $INHERIT->{$input} || [] };
if (my ($parent, $part) = pairfirst { defined $visible->{$a} } @parents) {
$row{parent} = $parent;
$params = $part;
$params = 128 unless $visible->{$parent}
or ($input eq 'MacCroatian' and defined $visible->{MacRomanian});
}
elsif (defined $visible->{ascii}) {
$row{parent} = $parents[0];
$params = $parents[1] // 128;
$params = 128 if $params >= 128; # ascii offset at most
}
elsif (@parents) {
$row{parent} = $parents[0];
$params = $parents[1] if $parents[1] == 0; # apply ascii end
}
$visible->{$_} //= 0 for $row{parent} || ();
}
for my $param (split /[+]+/, $params // '') {
if ($param eq 'realsize') {
$row{realsize}++;
}
elsif ($param =~ m{ \A cols = (\d+) \z }x) {
$row{cols} = $1;
}
elsif ($param =~ m{ \A (? \d+) (?: [-] (? \d+) )? \z }x) {
if (defined $row{endpoint}) {
# extend earlier range
my $skip = int(($row{endpoint} || $row{startpoint}) / $row{cols});
for ($skip + 1 .. ($+{start} / $row{cols}) - 1) {
$row{skip}->{ $_ * $row{cols} - $row{startpoint} }++;
}
}
else {
$row{startpoint} = $+{start};
}
$row{endpoint} = $+{end} || 0;
}
else {
Alert("Unknown option $param
for charset $input");
}
}
if ($input =~ m{ \A (?:wing|web)dings \d* \z }ix) {
eval "require Encode::\u$input";
}
if ($input =~ m{ \A u ([0-9a-f]+) (?:-([0-9a-f]+))? \z }ix) {
my $start = hex($1) << ($2 ? 4 : 8);
my $end = $2 ? (hex($2) << 4) + $row{cols} - 1 : $start + 255;
$row{table} = join '', map { chr } $start .. $end;
utf8::upgrade($row{table}); # prevent latin1 output
$row{endpoint} = $end - $start;
$row{set} = sprintf 'Unicode block U+%02Xxx', $start >> 8;
$row{offset} = $start % 256;
$row{startpoint} = 0;
}
elsif (lc $input eq 'uu') {
$row{set} = 'Unicode planes';
$row{cell} = do 'charset-ucplanes.inc.pl'
or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
$row{endpoint} ||= 1023;
}
elsif (lc $input eq 'u') {
$row{cell} = do 'charset-unicode.inc.pl'
or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
$row{endpoint} ||= 8191;
$row{set} = 'Unicode ' . (
$row{startpoint} < 0x1000 && $row{endpoint} < 0x1000 ? 'BMP' :
$row{startpoint} >= 0x1000 && $row{endpoint} < 0x2000 ? 'SMP' :
'allocations'
);
}
elsif ($input =~ m/^utf-*8$/i) {
$row{set} = 'UTF-8';
$row{cell} = do 'charset-utf8.inc.pl'
or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
$row{endpoint} = 255;
}
elsif ($row{set} = Encode::resolve_alias($input)) {
$row{offset} = delete $row{startpoint};
$row{endpoint} ||= 255;
if ($row{set} eq 'MacHebrew' or $row{set} eq 'MacThai') {
# array of possibly multiple characters per code point
$row{table} = [
map { Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $_) } $row{offset} .. $row{endpoint}
];
}
else {
# ~16x faster than decoding in loop;
# substr strings is twice as fast as splitting to an array
$row{table} = Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $row{offset} .. $row{endpoint});
}
if ($row{set} eq 'cp437') {
if ($row{offset} <= 0xED and $row{endpoint} >= 0xED) {
# replace phi glyph
substr($row{table}, 0xED - $row{offset}, 1) = 'ϕ';
}
if ($row{offset} < 0x20) {
# replace control characters by visible variants
my $sub = substr ' ☺☻♥♦♣♠•◘○◙♂♀♪♫☼►◄↕‼¶§▬↨↑↓→←∟↔▲▼', $row{offset};
substr($row{table}, 0, length $sub) = $sub;
}
}
elsif ($row{set} eq 'symbol') {
if ($row{offset} <= 0x60 and $row{endpoint} >= 0x60) {
# replace radical extender by closest unicode equivalent
substr($row{table}, 0x60 - $row{offset}, 1) = '│';
}
if ($row{offset} <= 0xBD and $row{endpoint} >= 0xFF) {
substr($row{table}, 0xBD - $row{offset}, 2) = '⏐⎯'; # arrow extenders
substr($row{table}, 0xD2 - $row{offset}, 3) = '®©™'; # serif variants
substr($row{table}, 0xE0 - $row{offset}, 1) = '◊'; # replace lookalike, should match AdobeSymbol
substr($row{table}, 0xE2 - $row{offset}, 3) = '®©™'; # sans-serif variants
substr($row{table}, 0xE6 - $row{offset}, 10) = '⎛⎜⎝⎡⎢⎣⎧⎨⎩⎪';
substr($row{table}, 0xF0 - $row{offset}, 1) = '€';
substr($row{table}, 0xF4 - $row{offset}, 11) = '⎮⌡⎞⎟⎠⎤⎥⎦⎫⎬⎭';
}
}
$row{endpoint} -= $row{offset};
$visible->{ascii} = # assume common base
$visible->{ $row{set} } = 1;
}
else {
Alert("Encoding $input
unknown");
return;
}
push @request, \%row;
}
tabinput($_) for @tablist;
my $NOCHAR = chr 0xFFFD;
sub range_cell {
my ($info, $offset) = @_;
my $table = $info->{cell} or return;
my $def = $table->{$offset} or return;
my ($len, $class, $name, $title) = @{$def};
my $cols = $info->{cols};
my $colsize = $table->{colsize} || 1;
my $attr = '';
$len /= $colsize;
$name //= $len <= 2 ? 'res' : 'reserved';
if (my $part = ($offset/$colsize - $info->{startpoint}) % $cols) {
# continued row
my $rest = $cols - $part; # remaining
$rest = $len if $len < $rest; #TODO: optimise
if ($len -= $rest) {
# continued on new row
my @next = ($len * $colsize, "$class joinu");
my $separate = $cols - $len > $rest; # columns not on next row
if ($len > $rest) {
# minority remains
push @next, $name, $title;
$title ||= $name;
$name = $separate && '…';
}
else {
# minority on next row
push @next, $separate && '"', $title || $name;
}
$table->{$offset + $colsize*$rest} //= \@next;
$class .= ' joind';
}
$len = $rest;
}
elsif (my $rows = int($len / $cols)) {
# multiple full rows
my $rowsize = $colsize * $cols;
if ($len -= $rows * $cols) {
# partial row remains
$table->{$offset + $rowsize * $rows} //= [$len*$colsize, "$class joinu", '', $title];
$class .= ' joind';
}
unless ($info->{realsize}) {
# coalesce multiple rows
while ($rows > 3) {
$info->{skip}->{$offset += $rowsize}++;
$rows--;
}
if ($rows > 2) {
$info->{skip}->{$offset += $rowsize} = 0;
}
}
$attr .= sprintf ' rowspan=%d', $rows;
$len = $cols;
}
$attr .= sprintf ' colspan=%d', $len unless $len == 1;
$attr .= $1 if $class and $class =~ s/( \w+="[^"]*")//;
$attr .= sprintf ' class="%s"', $class if $class;
$attr .= sprintf ' title="%s"', EscapeHTML($title) if $title;
return "$name\n";
}
for my $row (@request) {
my $cols = $row->{cols};
my $colsize = $row->{cell} && $row->{cell}->{colsize} || 1;
my $coldigits = ceil(log($colsize * $cols) / log(16)); # uniform length of hexadecimal header
my $rowdiv = 16 ** $coldigits; # row divide for column digits
$rowdiv = 1 if $rowdiv != $cols * $colsize; # divide only if all columns are matched
my $offset = $row->{startpoint} * $colsize || 0;
printf '', !$row->{cell} && ' charmap';
my $title = $row->{set};
$title .= " "
for $row->{parent} || ();
printf '%s', $title;
print '' x ($cols + 1);
for my $section (qw{thead}) {
print "<$section>", $rowdiv == 1 ? '+' : '↱';
printf ' | %0*X', $coldigits, $_ * $colsize for 0 .. $cols - 1;
print "\n";
}
print ' | ';
while ($offset < $row->{endpoint} * $colsize) {
if ($row->{skip}->{$offset}) {
$offset += $cols * $colsize;
next;
}
print '';
if (defined $row->{skip}->{$offset}) {
print '⋮';
}
else {
if (my $rowmod = $offset % $rowdiv) {
# offset in column units
printf '+%X', $rowmod;
}
else {
# divided row offset
printf '%X', ($offset + $row->{offset}) / $rowdiv;
}
}
say '';
for (1 .. $cols) {
if ($row->{cell}) {
print range_cell($row, $offset);
next;
}
my $cp = $offset + $row->{offset};
my $glyph = ref $row->{table} eq 'ARRAY' ? $row->{table}->[$offset] :
substr $row->{table}, $offset, 1;
my ($cell, $name, $class) = $glyph eq $NOCHAR ? () :
$glyphs->glyph_html($glyph);
if (exists $get{compare}) {
state $visible = {};
$class = (
$cp == ord $glyph ? 'l4' :
$row->{parent} && $glyph eq
Encode::decode($row->{parent}, pack 'C', $cp) ? 'l3' :
!$class ? undef :
$visible->{$glyph} ? 'l2' :
'l1'
);
$visible->{$glyph}++;
}
say sprintf $class ? ' | %s' : ' | ',
$name, $class, $cell;
}
continue {
$offset += $colsize;
}
}
say ' |
---|
';
}
:>
<: if (exists $get{compare}) { :>
unicode
| inherited
| existing
| original
| unassigned
<: } else { :>
| control
| whitespace
| diacritic
| punctuation
| symbol
| numeric
| greek
| aramaic
| syllabic
african
| japanese
| cjk
| chinese
|
| alphabetic
|
unicode 7.0
| proposed
| deprecated
| unassigned
| invalid
<: } :> |
|