use utf8;
+{
v5.6 => {
new => [
['use warnings
', 'pragma to enable warnings in lexical scope'],
['use utf8
', 'experimental unicode semantics (completed in v5.8)', v5.8],
['use charnames
', 'string escape \N{}
to insert named character'],
['our
', 'declare global variables'],
['v1.2.3
', q"represent strings as vector of ordinals, useful in version numbers (printf '%vd'
to display)"],
['0b0
', q"binary numbers in literals, printf '%b'
, and oct
"],
['sub :lvalue
', 'subroutine attribute to return a modifiable value', v5.20],
# ['sub :locked :method
', 'syntax to declare subroutine attributes'], # can be inferred from :lvalue support
['open my $fh, $mode, $expr
', 'file handles in scoped scalars, third argument for unambiguous file name'],
[q"pack 'q'
", '64-bit integer support (also large files >2GiB)', v5.8.1],
['sort $coderef ()
', 'comparison function can be a subroutine reference; prototype ($$)
to pass elements as normal @_
'],
['CHECK {}
', 'special block called at end of compilation'],
['/[[:…:]]/
', 'POSIX character class syntax such as /[[:alpha:]]/
'],
# quite a lot more, but leave it at this
],
release => '2000-03-23',
distro => {
debian => 'woody',
rhel => '2', # v5.6.0; also in red hat 7.0
solaris => '9', # v5.6.1; 2002-05 eol 2014-10
aix => '5.1', # 2001-05 eol 2006-04
},
unicode => '3.0.1',
},
v5.8 => {
new => [
[q"no utf8
", 'full unicode support, utf8
pragma only for script encoding'],
[q"binmode $fh, ':perlio'
", 'file handle behaviour altered by PerlIO layers'],
[q"open $fh, '-|', @cmd
", 'open list to fork a command without spawning a shell'],
[q"open $fh, '>', \$var
", 'perl scalars as virtual files'],
[q"printf '%1$s', @args
", 'syntax to use parameters out of order'],
[q"1_2_3 == 123
", 'underscores between digits allowed in numeric constants'],
# [q"use if
", 'conditional module inclusion'], # also installable in earlier versions
],
release => '2002-07-18',
distro => {
debian => 'sarge',
rhel => '3', # v5.8.0; v5.8.8 in RHEL6 (2007-2014)
solaris => '10', # v5.8.4; 2005-01 eol 2021-01
centos => '3-5', # v5.8.0 in v3 (2004-03); v5.8.8 in v5 (eol 2017-03)
ubuntu => '4.10',
aix => '5.2', # v5.8.0; v5.8.2 in 5.3 and 6.1 (eol 2017-04-30)
},
unicode => '3.2.0',
},
v5.10 => {
new => [
['//
', 'defined-or operator'],
['~~
', 'smart-match operator to compare different data types (updated in v5.10.1)', 'experimental::smartmatch'],
['given
', 'switch statement to smart-match with when
/default
', 'experimental::smartmatch'],
['/(?<name>)/
', 'named capture buffers into %+
'],
['s/keep\K//
', 'floating positive lookbehind, efficient alternative for s/(keep)/$1/
'],
['/\v/, /\h/
', 'vertical and horizontal whitespace escapes'],
['my $_
', 'lexically scoped version of the default variable', v0.5.23.4, 'experimental::lexical_topic'],
],
release => '2007-12-18',
distro => {
debian => 'lenny',
rhel => '6', # v5.10.1
centos => '6', # v5.10.1 (2011-07 eol 2020-11)
ubuntu => '8.10', # v5.10.1 in 10.04 LTS
aix => '7.1', # v5.10.1 (2010-09 eol 2020?)
},
unicode => '5.0.0',
},
v5.12 => {
new => [
['package version
', 'package
NAME VERSION shorthand for our $VERSION
'],
['...
', 'yada-yada operator: code placeholder'],
['use 5.012
', 'implicit strict
if use VERSION >= v5.12'],
['… when
', 'when
is now allowed to be used as a statement modifier'],
[q"use overload 'qr'
", 'customisable conversion to regular expressions'],
['/\N/
', 'inverse \n to match any character except newline regardless of /s
', v5.18],
],
release => '2010-04-12',
unicode => '5.2',
distro => {
solaris => '11', # also v5.8.4; 2010-11 eol 2024-11
ubuntu => '11.10',
},
},
v5.14 => {
new => [
['s///r
', 'non-destructive substitution'],
['/(?^)/
', 'construct to reset to default modifiers'],
['/(?{ m() })/
', 'regular expressions can be nested in /(?{})/
and /(??{})/
', v5.20],
[q"use re '/flags'
", 'customise default modifiers'],
['each $ref
e.a.', 'array and hash container functions accept references', v0.5.23.1],
['FH->method
', 'filehandle method calls load IO::File on demand (eg. STDOUT->flush
)'],
],
release => '2011-05-14',
distro => {
debian => 'wheezy',
ubuntu => '12.04',
},
unicode => '6.0+#8',
},
v5.16 => {
new => [
['__SUB__
', 'current subroutine reference'],
['fc, "\F"
', 'unicode foldcase to compare case-insensitively'],
['"\N{}"
', 'automatic use charnames qw( :full :short )
'],
],
release => '2012-05-20',
distro => {
rhel => '7', # v5.16.3
centos => '7', # v5.16.3 (2014-07 eol 2024-06)
},
unicode => '6.1',
},
v5.18 => {
new => [
['${^LAST_FH}
', 'last read filehandle (used by $.
)'],
['/(?[ a + b ])/
', 'regex set operations (character substraction -
, unions &
)', 'experimental::regex_sets'],
['my sub
', 'lexical subroutines (also state
, our
)', 'experimental::lexical_subs'],
['next $expression
', 'loop controls allow runtime expressions'],
[q"no warnings 'experimental::…'
", 'mechanism for experimental features, as of now required for smartmatch'],
],
release => '2013-05-18',
distro => {
ubuntu => '14.04',
},
unicode => '6.2',
},
v5.20 => {
new => [
['sub ($var)
', 'subroutine signatures', 'experimental::signatures'],
['%hash{…}
', 'hash slices return key+value pairs'],
['[]->@*
', 'postfix dereferencing (also e.g. $scalar->$*
for $$scalar
)', v5.23.1, 'experimental::postderef'],
[q"use warnings 'once'; $a
", 'variables $a and $b are exempt from used once warnings'],
],
unicode => '6.3',
release => '2014-05-27',
distro => {
debian => 'jessie',
ubuntu => '14.10',
aix => '7.2',
},
},
v5.22 => {
new => [
['\$alias =
', 'aliasing via reference'],
['<<>>
', 'safe readline
ignoring open flags in arguments'],
['/()/n
', 'flag to disable numbered capturing, turning ()
into (?:)
'],
['/\b{}/
', 'boundary types: gcb (grapheme cluster), sb (sentence), wb (word)'],
['&.
', '& | ^ ~
consistently numeric, dotted operators for strings', 'experimental::bitwise'],
[q"use re 'strict'
", 'apply stricter syntax rules to regular expression patterns', 'experimental::re_strict'],
['0x.beep+0
', q"hexadecimal floating point notation with binary power; printf '%a'
to display"],
],
unicode => '7.0',
release => '2015-06-01',
distro => {
ubuntu => '16.04',
},
},
v5.23.8 => {
new => [
[q"printf '%.*2$x'
", 'reordered precision arguments'],
['/\b{lb}/
', 'line break boundary type (position suitable for hyphenation)'],
],
unicode => '8.0',
release => '2016',
unstable => 1,
},
}