4 title => 'charset cheat sheet',
7 "Reference sheet with all glyphs in common character encoding tables,",
8 "and an overview of Unicode ranges and UTF-8 bytes.",
11 charset codepage unicode ascii utf8 latin glyph character encoding
12 reference common overview table
14 stylesheet => [qw'light'],
15 data => [qw'charset-unicode.inc.pl charset-utf8.inc.pl'],
18 my @tablist = split /[^\w-]+/, $Request || 'default';
21 <h1>Character encoding</h1>
25 use Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar;
26 my $glyphs = Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar->new;
30 # generate character table(s)
31 my $input = shift or return;
34 default => [qw( unicode+0-192 utf-8 iso-8859-1 iso-8859-15 cp1252 cp437 cp850 )],
35 us => [qw( cp437 cp863 AdobeStandardEncoding gsm0338 )],
36 ebcdic => [qw( cp37 cp500 cp875 cp1026 cp1047 posix-bc )],
37 iso => [map {"iso-8859-$_"} 1 .. 11, 13 .. 16],
38 dos => [qw( cp437 cp865 cp861 cp860 cp863 cp850 cp857 cp852 cp775
39 cp737 cp869 cp866 cp855 cp862 cp864 )],
40 aix => [qw( cp1006 )],
41 win => [qw( cp1252 cp1250 cp1254 cp1257 cp1258 cp1253 cp1251 cp1255 cp1256 cp874 )],
43 westeur => [qw( iso-8859-1 iso-8859-15 cp1252 iso-8859-14 cp850 hp-roman8 nextstep MacRoman )],
44 centeur => [qw( iso-8859-2 iso-8859-16 cp1250 cp852 MacRomanian MacCroatian MacCentralEurRoman )], # MacRumanian only for DB
45 turkish => [qw( iso-8859-9 iso-8859-3 cp1254 cp857 MacTurkish )],
46 baltic => [qw( iso-8859-4 iso-8859-13 cp1257 cp775 )],
47 nordic => [qw( iso-8859-10 cp865 cp861 MacIcelandic MacSami )],
48 cyrillic => [qw( koi8-r koi8-u koi8-f iso-8859-5 cp1251 MacCyrillic cp866 cp855 )], # MacUkrainian is broken
49 arabic => [qw( iso-8859-6 cp1006 cp864 cp1256 MacArabic )], # MacFarsi same as MacArabic?
50 greek => [qw( iso-8859-7 cp1253 MacGreek cp737 cp869 )],
51 hebrew => [qw( iso-8859-8 cp1255 MacHebrew cp862 )],
52 thai => [qw( iso-8859-11 cp874 MacThai )],
53 vietnamese => [qw( viscii cp1258 MacVietnamese )],
54 symbol => [qw( symbol dingbats MacDingbats AdobeZdingbat AdobeSymbol )],
68 if (my $follow = $ALIAS->{$input}) {
69 tabinput($_) for ref $follow ? @{$follow} : $follow;
73 state $visible = {}; # all present tables
74 my %row = (offset => 0, cols => 16);
76 my $params = $input =~ s/[+](.*)\z// ? $1 : undef;
78 if (not defined $params) {
79 use List::Util qw( first pairfirst pairs );
82 'cp437' => ['cp850' => 0], # ascii range overridden later
83 'gsm0338' => ['ascii' => '0-127'],
85 'iso-8859-2' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
86 'iso-8859-3' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
87 'iso-8859-4' => ['iso-8859-2' => '160'],
88 'iso-8859-5' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
89 'iso-8859-6' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
90 'iso-8859-7' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
91 'iso-8859-8' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
92 'iso-8859-9' => ['iso-8859-1' => '208'],
93 'iso-8859-10' => ['iso-8859-4' => '160'],
94 'iso-8859-11' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
95 'iso-8859-13' => ['iso-8859-4' => '160'],
96 'iso-8859-14' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
97 'iso-8859-15' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160-191'],
98 'iso-8859-16' => ['iso-8859-2' => '160'],
99 'hp-roman8' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
101 'cp1252' => ['iso-8859-1' => '128-159'],
102 'cp1250' => ['iso-8859-2' => '128-191', 'cp1252' => '128'],
103 'cp1254' => ['iso-8859-9' => '128-159', 'cp1252' => '128'],
104 'cp874' => ['iso-8859-11' => '128-159', 'cp1252' => '128'], # windows-874 actually cp1162
105 'cp1257' => ['iso-8859-13' => '128', 'cp1252' => '128'],
106 'cp1251' => ['cp1252' => '128'],
107 'cp1253' => ['cp1252' => '128'],
108 'cp1255' => ['iso-8859-8' => '128-223', 'cp1252' => '128'],
109 'cp1256' => ['cp1252' => '128'],
110 'cp1258' => ['cp1252' => '128'],
112 'cp850' => ['cp437' => '144'],
113 'cp860' => ['cp437' => '128-175'],
114 'cp861' => ['cp865' => '128-175'],
115 'cp863' => ['cp437' => '128-175'],
116 'cp865' => ['cp437' => '144-175'],
117 'cp852' => ['cp850' => '128', 'cp437' => '128'],
118 'cp857' => ['cp850' => '128-239', 'cp437' => '128'],
119 'cp775' => ['cp850' => '128'], # partial cp437
120 'cp866' => ['cp437' => '128'],
121 'cp855' => ['cp437' => '128'],
122 'cp1006' => ['cp437' => '128'],
123 'cp737' => ['cp437' => '128'],
124 'cp869' => ['cp437' => '128'],
125 'cp862' => ['cp437' => '128'],
126 'cp864' => ['cp437' => '128'],
128 'koi8-u' => ['koi8-r' => 128],
129 'koi8-f' => ['koi8-u' => 128],
131 'MacRomanian' => ['MacRoman' => '160'],
132 'MacCroatian' => ['MacRoman' => '160'],
133 'MacCentralEurRoman' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
134 'MacTurkish' => ['MacRoman' => '208-223'], # F5 is unassigned
135 'MacCyrillic' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
136 'MacHebrew' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
139 my @parents = @{ $INHERIT->{$input} || [] };
141 if (my ($parent, $part) = pairfirst { defined $visible->{$a} } @parents) {
142 $row{parent} = $parent;
144 $params = 128 unless $visible->{$parent}
145 or ($input eq 'MacCroatian' and defined $visible->{MacRomanian});
147 elsif (defined $visible->{ascii}) {
148 $row{parent} = $parents[0];
149 $params = $parents[1] || 128;
150 $params = 128 if $params >= 128; # ascii offset at most
153 $row{parent} = $parents[0];
155 $visible->{$_} //= 0 for $row{parent};
158 if (defined $params and $params =~ m/^ (\d+) (-\d+)? /x) {
160 $endpoint = -$2 if $2;
163 if ($input =~ /^U([0-9a-f]+)(?:-([0-9a-f]+))?/) {
164 my $start = hex($1) << ($2 ? 4 : 8);
165 my $end = $2 ? hex($2) << 4 : $start + 240;
166 $row{table} = join '', map { chr } $start .. $end+15;
167 utf8::upgrade($row{table}); # prevent latin1 output
168 $row{len} = length $row{table};
169 $row{set} = sprintf 'Unicode block U+%02Xxx', $start >> 8;
171 elsif ($input eq 'U') {
173 $row{set} = 'Unicode planes';
174 $row{cell} = do 'charset-ucplanes.inc.pl'
175 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
178 elsif ($row{set} = Encode::resolve_alias($input)) {
179 if ($row{set} eq 'Internal') {
180 $row{len} = $endpoint < 255 ? 640 : 8192;
181 $row{set} = 'Unicode BMP';
182 $row{cell} = do 'charset-unicode.inc.pl'
183 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
185 elsif ($row{set} eq 'utf-8-strict') {
188 $row{cell} = do 'charset-utf8.inc.pl'
189 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
192 if ($row{set} eq 'MacHebrew') {
193 # array of possibly multiple characters per code point
195 map { Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $_) } $row{offset} .. $endpoint
199 # ~16x faster than decoding in loop;
200 # substr strings is twice as fast as splitting to an array
201 $row{table} = Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $row{offset} .. $endpoint);
203 $row{len} = $endpoint - $row{offset};
205 if ($row{set} eq 'cp437' and !$row{offset}) {
206 substr($row{table}, 237, 1) = pack 'U*', 0x3D5; # phi sign
207 substr($row{table}, 0, 32) = pack 'U*', map {hex} qw(
208 2007 263A 263B 2665 2666 2663 2660 2022
209 25D8 25CB 25D9 2642 2640 266A 266B 263C
210 25BA 25C4 2195 203C 00B6 00A7 25AC 21A8
211 2191 2193 2192 2190 221F 2194 25B2 25BC
215 $visible->{ascii} = # assume common base
216 $visible->{ $row{set} } = 1;
220 Alert("Encoding <q>$input</q> unknown");
223 push @request, \%row;
225 tabinput($_) for @tablist;
227 my $NOCHAR = chr 0xFFFD;
230 my ($info, $offset) = @_;
231 my $table = $info->{cell} or return;
232 my $def = $table->{$offset} or return;
233 my ($len, $class, $name, $title) = @{$def};
235 my $cols = $info->{cols};
236 my $colsize = $table->{colsize} || 1;
239 $name //= $len <= 2 ? 'res' : 'reserved';
241 if (my $part = $offset/$colsize % $cols) {
243 my $rest = $cols - $part; # remaining
244 $rest = $len if $len < $rest; #TODO: optimise
246 # continued on new row
247 my @next = ($len * $colsize, "$class joinu");
250 push @next, $name, $title;
255 # minority on next row
256 push @next, '"', $title || $name;
258 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rest} //= \@next;
263 elsif (my $rows = int($len / $cols)) {
265 if ($len -= $rows * $cols) {
266 # partial row remains
267 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rows * $cols} //= [$len*$colsize, "$class joinu", '', $title];
270 $attr .= sprintf ' rowspan=%d', $rows;
274 $attr .= sprintf ' colspan=%d', $len unless $len == 1;
275 $attr .= $1 if $class and $class =~ s/( \w+="[^"]*")//;
276 $attr .= sprintf ' class="%s"', $class if $class;
277 $attr .= sprintf ' title="%s"', EscapeHTML($title) if $title;
278 return "<td$attr>$name";
281 for my $row (@request) {
282 my $cols = $row->{cols};
283 my $colsize = $row->{cell} && $row->{cell}->{colsize} || 1;
284 my $coldigits = ceil(log($colsize * $cols) / log(16)); # uniform length of hexadecimal header
285 my $rowdiv = 16 ** $coldigits; # row divide for column digits
286 $rowdiv = 1 if $rowdiv != $cols * $colsize; # divide only if all columns are matched
288 my $endpoint = $offset + $row->{len} * $colsize;
290 printf '<div class="section"><table class="glyphs%s">', !$row->{cell} && ' charmap';
291 my $title = $row->{set};
292 $title .= " <aside>(over $_)</aside>"
293 for grep { $_ ne 'iso-8859-1' } $row->{parent} // ();
294 printf '<caption>%s</caption>', $title;
295 print '<col>' x ($cols + 1);
296 for my $section (qw{thead}) {
297 print "<$section><tr><th>", $rowdiv == 1 ? '+' : '↱';
298 printf '<th>%0*X', $coldigits, $_ * $colsize for 0 .. $cols - 1;
302 while ($offset < $endpoint - 1) {
305 if (my $rowmod = $offset % $rowdiv) {
306 # offset in column units
307 printf '<small>+%X</small>', $rowmod;
311 printf '%X', ($offset + $row->{offset}) / $rowdiv;
316 print range_cell($row, $offset);
320 my $glyph = ref $row->{table} eq 'ARRAY' ? $row->{table}->[$offset] :
321 substr $row->{table}, $offset, 1;
322 if ($glyph eq $NOCHAR) {
327 if (exists $get{compare}) {
329 my $cp = $offset + $row->{offset};
330 printf '<td class="%s" title="%3$s">%2$s',
331 $cp == ord $glyph ? 'l4' :
332 $row->{parent} && $glyph eq
333 Encode::decode($row->{parent}, pack 'C', $cp) ? 'l3' :
334 $visible->{$glyph} ? 'l2' :
336 $glyphs->glyph_html($glyph);
337 $visible->{$glyph}++;
341 print "\n".$glyphs->glyph_cell($glyph);
348 say '</table></div>';
355 <table class="glyphs"><tr><: if (exists $get{compare}) { :>
356 <td class="X l4">unicode
357 <td class="X l3">inherited
358 <td class="X l2">existing
359 <td class="X l1">original
360 <td class="">unassigned
362 <td class="X Cc">control
363 <td class="X Zs"><span>whitespace</span>
364 <td class="X Mn">diacritic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
365 <td class="X Sk">letter
367 <td class="X Po">punctuation<table class="glyphs"><tr>
368 <td class="X Pf">quote
370 <td class="X So">symbol<table class="glyphs"><tr>
371 <td class="X Sm">math
372 <td class="X Sc">currency
374 <td class="X No">numeric
375 <td class="X Greek">greek<table class="glyphs"><tr>
376 <td class="X Latin">latin
377 <td class="X Cyrillic">cyrillic
379 <td class="X Aramaic">aramaic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
380 <td class="X Brahmic">brahmic
381 <td class="X Arabic">arabic
383 <td class="X Syllabic">syllabic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
384 <td class="X African">african
385 <td class="X Hiragana">japanese
386 <td class="X Han">cjk
387 <td class="X Bopomofo">chinese
389 <td class="X Alpha">alphabetic
392 <table class="glyphs"><tr>
393 <td class="X">unicode 7.0
394 <td class="X Xr">proposed
395 <td class="X Xd">deprecated
396 <td class="">unassigned
397 <td class="X Xi">invalid