4 title => 'charset cheat sheet',
7 "Reference sheet with all glyphs in common character encoding tables,",
8 "and an overview of Unicode ranges and UTF-8 bytes.",
11 charset codepage unicode ascii utf8 latin glyph character encoding
12 reference common overview table
14 stylesheet => [qw'light'],
15 data => [qw'charset-unicode.inc.pl charset-utf8.inc.pl'],
18 my @tablist = split /[^\w-]+/, $Request || 'default';
21 <h1>Character encoding</h1>
25 use Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar;
26 my $glyphs = Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar->new;
30 # generate character table(s)
31 my $input = shift or return;
34 default => [qw( unicode+0-192 utf-8 iso-8859-1 iso-8859-15 cp1252 cp437 cp850 )],
35 us => [qw( cp437 cp863 AdobeStandardEncoding gsm0338 )],
36 ebcdic => [qw( cp37 cp500 cp875 cp1026 cp1047 posix-bc )],
37 iso => [map {"iso-8859-$_"} 1 .. 11, 13 .. 16],
38 dos => [qw( cp437 cp863 cp850 cp860 cp852 cp855 cp866 cp864 cp1006 cp737 cp869 cp862 cp862 cp857 cp865 cp861 cp874 cp775 )],
40 westeur => [qw( iso-8859-1 iso-8859-15 cp1252 iso-8859-14 cp850 hp-roman8 nextstep MacRoman )],
41 centeur => [qw( iso-8859-2 iso-8859-16 cp1250 cp852 MacRomanian MacCroatian MacCentralEurRoman )], # MacRumanian only for DB
42 turkish => [qw( iso-8859-9 iso-8859-3 cp1254 cp857 MacTurkish )],
43 baltic => [qw( iso-8859-4 iso-8859-13 cp1257 cp775 )],
44 nordic => [qw( iso-8859-10 cp865 cp861 MacIcelandic MacSami )],
45 cyrillic => [qw( koi8-f koi8-r koi8-u iso-8859-5 cp1251 MacCyrillic cp855 cp866 )], # MacUkrainian is broken
46 arabic => [qw( iso-8859-6 cp1006 cp864 cp1256 MacArabic )], # MacFarsi same as MacArabic?
47 greek => [qw( iso-8859-7 cp1253 MacGreek cp737 cp869 )],
48 hebrew => [qw( iso-8859-8 cp1255 MacHebrew cp862 )],
49 thai => [qw( iso-8859-11 cp874 MacThai )],
50 vietnamese => [qw( viscii cp1258 MacVietnamese )],
51 symbol => [qw( symbol dingbats MacDingbats AdobeZdingbat AdobeSymbol )],
65 if (my $follow = $ALIAS->{$input}) {
66 tabinput($_) for ref $follow ? @{$follow} : $follow;
70 state $visible = {}; # all present tables
71 my %row = (offset => 0, cols => 16);
73 my $params = $input =~ s/[+](.*)\z// ? $1 : undef;
75 if (not defined $params) {
76 use List::Util qw( first pairfirst pairs );
79 'cp437' => ['cp850' => 0], # ascii range overridden later
80 'gsm0338' => ['ascii' => '0-127'],
82 'iso-8859-2' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
83 'iso-8859-3' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
84 'iso-8859-4' => ['iso-8859-2' => '160'],
85 'iso-8859-5' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
86 'iso-8859-6' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
87 'iso-8859-7' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
88 'iso-8859-8' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
89 'iso-8859-9' => ['iso-8859-1' => '208'],
90 'iso-8859-10' => ['iso-8859-4' => '160'],
91 'iso-8859-11' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
92 'iso-8859-13' => ['iso-8859-4' => '160'],
93 'iso-8859-14' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
94 'iso-8859-15' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160-191'],
95 'iso-8859-16' => ['iso-8859-2' => '160'],
97 'cp1252' => ['iso-8859-1' => '128-159'],
98 'cp1250' => ['iso-8859-2' => '128-191'],
99 'cp1254' => ['iso-8859-9' => '128-159'],
100 'cp1257' => ['iso-8859-13' => '128-'],
102 'cp850' => ['cp437' => '144'],
103 'cp865' => ['cp437' => '144-176'],
104 'cp852' => ['cp850' => '128', 'cp437' => '128'],
105 'cp857' => ['cp850' => '128-239', 'cp437' => '128'],
106 'cp775' => ['cp850' => '128'], # partial cp437
108 'MacRomanian' => ['MacRoman' => '160'],
109 'MacCroatian' => ['MacRoman' => '160'],
110 'MacCentralEurRoman' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
111 'MacTurkish' => ['MacRoman' => '208-223'], # F5 is unassigned
114 my @parents = @{ $INHERIT->{$input} || [] };
116 if (my ($parent, $part) = pairfirst { $visible->{$a} } @parents) {
117 $row{parent} = $parent;
120 elsif ($visible->{ascii}) {
121 $row{parent} = $parents[0] || 'ascii';
122 $params = $parents[1] || 128;
123 $params = 128 if $params >= 128; # ascii offset at most
126 $row{parent} = $parents[0];
130 if (defined $params and $params =~ m/^ (\d+) (-\d+)? /x) {
132 $endpoint = -$2 if $2;
135 if ($input =~ /^U([0-9a-f]+)(?:-([0-9a-f]+))?/) {
136 my $start = hex($1) << ($2 ? 4 : 8);
137 my $end = $2 ? hex($2) << 4 : $start + 240;
138 $row{table} = join '', map { chr } $start .. $end+15;
139 utf8::upgrade($row{table}); # prevent latin1 output
140 $row{set} = sprintf 'Unicode block U+%02Xxx', $start >> 8;
142 elsif ($input eq 'U') {
143 $row{table} = ' ' x 1024;
144 $row{set} = 'Unicode planes';
145 $row{cell} = do 'charset-ucplanes.inc.pl'
146 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
149 elsif ($row{set} = Encode::resolve_alias($input)) {
150 if ($row{set} eq 'Internal') {
151 $row{table} = ' ' x ($endpoint < 255 ? 640 : 8192);
152 $row{set} = 'Unicode BMP';
153 $row{cell} = do 'charset-unicode.inc.pl'
154 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
156 elsif ($row{set} eq 'utf-8-strict') {
159 $row{cell} = do 'charset-utf8.inc.pl'
160 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
163 $row{table} = Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $row{offset} .. $endpoint);
164 # (~16x faster than decoding in loop;
165 # substr strings is twice as fast as splitting to an array)
167 if ($row{set} eq 'cp437' and !$row{offset}) {
168 substr($row{table}, 237, 1) = pack 'U*', 0x3D5; # phi sign
169 substr($row{table}, 0, 32) = pack 'U*', map {hex} qw(
170 2007 263A 263B 2665 2666 2663 2660 2022
171 25D8 25CB 25D9 2642 2640 266A 266B 263C
172 25BA 25C4 2195 203C 00B6 00A7 25AC 21A8
173 2191 2193 2192 2190 221F 2194 25B2 25BC
177 $visible->{ascii} = # assume common base
178 $visible->{ $row{set} } = 1;
182 Alert("Encoding <q>$input</q> unknown");
185 push @request, \%row;
187 tabinput($_) for @tablist;
189 my $NOCHAR = chr 0xFFFD;
192 my ($info, $offset) = @_;
193 my $table = $info->{cell} or return;
194 my $def = $table->{$offset} or return;
195 my ($len, $class, $name, $title) = @{$def};
197 my $cols = $info->{cols};
198 my $colsize = $table->{colsize} || 1;
201 $name //= $len <= 2 ? 'res' : 'reserved';
203 if (my $part = $offset/$colsize % $cols) {
205 my $rest = $cols - $part; # remaining
206 $rest = $len if $len < $rest; #TODO: optimise
208 # continued on new row
209 my @next = ($len * $colsize, "$class joinu");
212 push @next, $name, $title;
217 # minority on next row
218 push @next, '"', $title || $name;
220 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rest} //= \@next;
225 elsif (my $rows = int($len / $cols)) {
227 if ($len -= $rows * $cols) {
228 # partial row remains
229 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rows * $cols} //= [$len*$colsize, "$class joinu", '', $title];
232 $attr .= sprintf ' rowspan=%d', $rows;
236 $attr .= sprintf ' colspan=%d', $len unless $len == 1;
237 $attr .= $1 if $class and $class =~ s/( \w+="[^"]*")//;
238 $attr .= sprintf ' class="%s"', $class if $class;
239 $attr .= sprintf ' title="%s"', EscapeHTML($title) if $title;
240 return "<td$attr>$name";
243 for my $row (@request) {
244 my $cols = $row->{cols};
245 my $colsize = $row->{cell} && $row->{cell}->{colsize} || 1;
246 my $coldigits = ceil(log($colsize * $cols) / log(16)); # uniform length of hexadecimal header
247 my $rowdiv = 16 ** $coldigits; # row divide for column digits
248 $rowdiv = 1 if $rowdiv != $cols * $colsize; # divide only if all columns are matched
250 my $endpoint = $offset + (length($row->{table}) || 256) * $colsize;
252 printf '<div class="section"><table class="glyphs%s">', !$row->{cell} && ' charmap';
253 my $title = $row->{set};
254 $title .= " <aside>(over $_)</aside>"
255 for grep { $_ ne 'iso-8859-1' } $row->{parent} // ();
256 printf '<caption>%s</caption>', $title;
257 print '<col>' x ($cols + 1);
258 for my $section (qw{thead}) {
259 print "<$section><tr><th>", $rowdiv == 1 ? '+' : '↱';
260 printf '<th>%0*X', $coldigits, $_ * $colsize for 0 .. $cols - 1;
264 while ($offset < $endpoint - 1) {
267 if (my $rowmod = $offset % $rowdiv) {
268 # offset in column units
269 printf '<small>+%X</small>', $rowmod;
273 printf '%X', ($offset + $row->{offset}) / $rowdiv;
278 print range_cell($row, $offset);
282 my $glyph = substr $row->{table}, $offset, 1;
283 if ($glyph eq $NOCHAR) {
288 print "\n".$glyphs->glyph_cell($glyph);
295 say '</table></div>';
302 <table class="glyphs"><tr>
303 <td class="X Cc">control
304 <td class="X Zs"><span>whitespace</span>
305 <td class="X Mn">diacritic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
306 <td class="X Sk">letter
308 <td class="X Po">punctuation<table class="glyphs"><tr>
309 <td class="X Pf">quote
311 <td class="X So">symbol<table class="glyphs"><tr>
312 <td class="X Sm">math
313 <td class="X Sc">currency
315 <td class="X No">numeric
316 <td class="X Greek">greek<table class="glyphs"><tr>
317 <td class="X Latin">latin
318 <td class="X Cyrillic">cyrillic
320 <td class="X Aramaic">aramaic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
321 <td class="X Brahmic">brahmic
322 <td class="X Arabic">arabic
324 <td class="X Syllabic">syllabic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
325 <td class="X African">african
326 <td class="X Hiragana">japanese
327 <td class="X Han">cjk
328 <td class="X Bopomofo">chinese
330 <td class="X Alpha">alphabetic
333 <table class="glyphs"><tr>
334 <td class="X">unicode 7.0
335 <td class="X Xr">proposed
336 <td class="X Xd">deprecated
337 <td class="">unassigned
338 <td class="X Xi">invalid