4 title => 'charset cheat sheet',
7 "Reference sheet with all glyphs in common character encoding tables,",
8 "and an overview of Unicode ranges and UTF-8 bytes.",
11 charset codepage unicode ascii utf8 latin glyph character encoding
12 reference common overview table
14 stylesheet => [qw'light'],
15 data => [qw'charset-unicode.inc.pl charset-utf8.inc.pl'],
19 <h1>Character encoding</h1>
22 use Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar;
23 my $glyphs = Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar->new;
24 my $cols = 16; # columns
25 my $colsize = 1; # increment per column
27 # generate character table(s)
28 # (~16x faster than decoding in loop;
29 # substr strings is twice as fast as splitting to an array)
31 # default => [qw(unicode utf-8 iso-8859-1 cp437 -cp1252- --iso-8859-15- -koi8-f)],
32 default => [qw(unicode- utf-8 iso-8859-1 -cp1252- --iso-8859-15- cp437 -cp850)],
33 0 => [qw(cp437 -cp863)],
34 1 => [qw(iso-8859-1 -cp1252 -MacRoman -cp850)],
35 2 => [qw(iso-8859-2 -cp1250 -cp852 -MacCentralEurRoman -MacCroatian -MacRumanian)],
36 5 => [qw(koi8-f -iso-8859-5 -cp1251 -MacCyrillic -cp855 -cp866)],
37 7 => [qw(iso-8859-7 -cp1253 -MacGreek -cp737 -cp869)],
38 8 => [qw(iso-8859-8 -cp1255 -MacHebrew -cp862)],
42 my %row = (offset => 0);
44 if ($input =~ s/^--//) {
45 $row{offset} = $endpoint > 160 ? 160 : 48;
47 elsif ($input =~ s/^-//) {
48 $row{offset} = $endpoint > 128 ? 128 : 32;
50 if ($input =~ s/-$//) {
51 $endpoint = $row{offset} ? $row{offset} < 160 ? 159 : 191 : 127;
54 $row{setnote} = 'over cp437' if $input eq 'cp850';
55 $row{setnote} = 'over iso-8859-1' if $input =~ /^iso-8859-|^cp125/;
58 if ($input =~ /^U([0-9a-f]+)(?:-([0-9a-f]+))?/) {
59 my $start = hex($1) << ($2 ? 4 : 8);
60 my $end = $2 ? hex($2) << 4 : $start + 240;
61 $row{table} = join '', map { chr } $start .. $end+15;
62 utf8::upgrade($row{table}); # prevent latin1 output
63 $row{set} = sprintf 'Unicode block U+%02Xxx', $start >> 8;
65 elsif ($input eq 'U') {
66 $row{table} = ' ' x 1024;
67 $row{set} = 'Unicode planes';
68 $row{cell} = do 'charset-ucplanes.inc.pl'
69 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
72 elsif ($row{set} = Encode::resolve_alias($input)) {
73 if ($row{set} eq 'Internal') {
74 $row{table} = ' ' x ($endpoint < 255 ? 640 : 8192);
75 $row{set} = 'Unicode BMP';
76 $row{cell} = do 'charset-unicode.inc.pl'
77 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
79 elsif ($row{set} eq 'utf-8-strict') {
82 $row{cell} = do 'charset-utf8.inc.pl'
83 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
86 $row{table} = Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $row{offset} .. $endpoint);
90 Alert("Encoding <q>$input</q> unknown");
92 $row{set} ? \%row : ();
97 } map { defined $ALIAS{$_} ? @{ $ALIAS{$_} } : $_ }
98 $Request =~ /\w/ ? split(m{[/+\s]}, $Request) : 'default';
99 my $NOCHAR = chr 0xFFFD;
101 for my $cp437 (grep {$request[$_]->{set} eq 'cp437'} 0 .. $#request) {
102 substr($request[$cp437]->{table}, 237, 1) = pack 'U*', 0x3D5; # phi sign
103 substr($request[$cp437]->{table}, 0, 32) = pack 'U*', map {hex} qw(
104 2007 263A 263B 2665 2666 2663 2660 2022 25D8 25CB 25D9 2642 2640 266A 266B 263C
105 25BA 25C4 2195 203C 00B6 00A7 25AC 21A8 2191 2193 2192 2190 221F 2194 25B2 25BC
110 my ($table, $offset) = @_;
111 my $def = $table->{$offset} or return;
112 my ($len, $class, $name, $title) = @{$def};
116 $name //= $len <= 2 ? 'res' : 'reserved';
118 if (my $part = $offset/$colsize % $cols) {
120 my $rest = $cols - $part; # remaining
121 $rest = $len if $len < $rest; #TODO: optimise
123 # continued on new row
124 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rest} //= [$len*$colsize, "$class joinu", $name, $title];
130 elsif (my $rows = int($len / $cols)) {
132 if ($len -= $rows * $cols) {
133 # partial row remains
134 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rows * $cols} //= [$len*$colsize, "$class joinu", '', $title];
137 $attr .= sprintf ' rowspan=%d', $rows;
141 $attr .= sprintf ' colspan=%d', $len unless $len == 1;
142 $attr .= $1 if $class and $class =~ s/( \w+="[^"]*")//;
143 $attr .= sprintf ' class="%s"', $class if $class;
144 $attr .= sprintf ' title="%s"', EscapeHTML($title) if $title;
145 return "<td$attr>$name";
148 for my $row (@request) {
149 printf '<div class="section"><table class="glyphs%s">', !$row->{cell} && ' charmap';
150 my $title = $row->{set};
151 $title .= " <aside>($_)</aside>" for $row->{setnote} // ();
152 printf '<caption>%s</caption>', $title;
153 print '<col>' x ($cols + 1);
154 my $coldigits = $colsize * $cols <= 16 ? 1 : 2; # uniform length of hexadecimal header
155 for my $section (qw{thead}) {
156 print "<$section><tr><th>↱";
157 printf '<th>%0*X', $coldigits, $_ * $colsize for 0 .. $cols - 1;
161 for my $msb (0 .. ((length($row->{table}) || 256) - 1) / $cols) {
162 printf '<tr><th>%X', ($msb + int($row->{offset} / $cols)) * $cols * $colsize;
163 for my $lsb (0 .. $cols - 1) {
164 my $val = ( ($msb * $cols) + $lsb ) * $colsize;
166 if (ref $row->{cell} eq 'CODE') {
167 print $row->{cell}->($val);
170 print range_cell($row->{cell}, $val);
174 my $glyph = substr $row->{table}, $val, 1;
175 if ($glyph eq $NOCHAR) {
180 print "\n".$glyphs->glyph_cell($glyph);
184 say '</table></div>';
191 <table class="glyphs"><tr>
192 <td class="X Cc">control
193 <td class="X Zs"><span>whitespace</span>
194 <td class="X Mn">diacritic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
195 <td class="X Sk">letter
197 <td class="X Po">punctuation<table class="glyphs"><tr>
198 <td class="X Pf">quote
200 <td class="X So">symbol<table class="glyphs"><tr>
201 <td class="X Sm">math
202 <td class="X Sc">currency
204 <td class="X No">numeric
205 <td class="X Greek">greek<table class="glyphs"><tr>
206 <td class="X Latin">latin
207 <td class="X Cyrillic">cyrillic
209 <td class="X Aramaic">aramaic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
210 <td class="X Brahmic">brahmic
211 <td class="X Arabic">arabic
213 <td class="X Syllabic">syllabic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
214 <td class="X African">african
215 <td class="X Hiragana">japanese
216 <td class="X Han">cjk
217 <td class="X Bopomofo">chinese
219 <td class="X Alpha">alphabetic
222 <table class="glyphs"><tr>
223 <td class="X">unicode 7.0
224 <td class="X Xr">proposed
225 <td class="X Xd">deprecated
226 <td class="">unassigned
227 <td class="X Xi">invalid