4 title => 'charset cheat sheet',
7 "Reference sheet with all glyphs in common character encoding tables,",
8 "and an overview of Unicode ranges and UTF-8 bytes.",
11 charset codepage unicode ascii utf8 latin glyph character encoding
12 reference common overview table
14 stylesheet => [qw'light'],
15 data => [qw'charset-unicode.inc.pl charset-utf8.inc.pl'],
19 <h1>Character encoding</h1>
23 use Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar;
24 my $glyphs = Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar->new;
26 # generate character table(s)
27 # (~16x faster than decoding in loop;
28 # substr strings is twice as fast as splitting to an array)
30 # default => [qw(unicode utf-8 iso-8859-1 cp437 -cp1252- --iso-8859-15- -koi8-f)],
31 default => [qw(unicode- utf-8 iso-8859-1 -cp1252- --iso-8859-15- cp437 -cp850)],
32 0 => [qw(cp437 -cp863)],
33 1 => [qw(iso-8859-1 -cp1252 -MacRoman -cp850)],
34 2 => [qw(iso-8859-2 -cp1250 -cp852 -MacCentralEurRoman -MacCroatian -MacRumanian)],
35 5 => [qw(koi8-f -iso-8859-5 -cp1251 -MacCyrillic -cp855 -cp866)],
36 7 => [qw(iso-8859-7 -cp1253 -MacGreek -cp737 -cp869)],
37 8 => [qw(iso-8859-8 -cp1255 -MacHebrew -cp862)],
41 my %row = (offset => 0, cols => 16);
43 if ($input =~ s/^--//) {
44 $row{offset} = $endpoint > 160 ? 160 : 48;
46 elsif ($input =~ s/^-//) {
47 $row{offset} = $endpoint > 128 ? 128 : 32;
49 if ($input =~ s/-$//) {
50 $endpoint = $row{offset} ? $row{offset} < 160 ? 159 : 191 : 127;
53 $row{setnote} = 'over cp437' if $input eq 'cp850';
54 $row{setnote} = 'over iso-8859-1' if $input =~ /^iso-8859-|^cp125/;
57 if ($input =~ /^U([0-9a-f]+)(?:-([0-9a-f]+))?/) {
58 my $start = hex($1) << ($2 ? 4 : 8);
59 my $end = $2 ? hex($2) << 4 : $start + 240;
60 $row{table} = join '', map { chr } $start .. $end+15;
61 utf8::upgrade($row{table}); # prevent latin1 output
62 $row{set} = sprintf 'Unicode block U+%02Xxx', $start >> 8;
64 elsif ($input eq 'U') {
65 $row{table} = ' ' x 1024;
66 $row{set} = 'Unicode planes';
67 $row{cell} = do 'charset-ucplanes.inc.pl'
68 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
71 elsif ($row{set} = Encode::resolve_alias($input)) {
72 if ($row{set} eq 'Internal') {
73 $row{table} = ' ' x ($endpoint < 255 ? 640 : 8192);
74 $row{set} = 'Unicode BMP';
75 $row{cell} = do 'charset-unicode.inc.pl'
76 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
78 elsif ($row{set} eq 'utf-8-strict') {
81 $row{cell} = do 'charset-utf8.inc.pl'
82 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
85 $row{table} = Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $row{offset} .. $endpoint);
89 Alert("Encoding <q>$input</q> unknown");
91 $row{set} ? \%row : ();
96 } map { defined $ALIAS{$_} ? @{ $ALIAS{$_} } : $_ }
97 $Request =~ /\w/ ? split(m{[/+\s]}, $Request) : 'default';
98 my $NOCHAR = chr 0xFFFD;
100 for my $cp437 (grep {$request[$_]->{set} eq 'cp437'} 0 .. $#request) {
101 substr($request[$cp437]->{table}, 237, 1) = pack 'U*', 0x3D5; # phi sign
102 substr($request[$cp437]->{table}, 0, 32) = pack 'U*', map {hex} qw(
103 2007 263A 263B 2665 2666 2663 2660 2022 25D8 25CB 25D9 2642 2640 266A 266B 263C
104 25BA 25C4 2195 203C 00B6 00A7 25AC 21A8 2191 2193 2192 2190 221F 2194 25B2 25BC
109 my ($info, $offset) = @_;
110 my $table = $info->{cell} or return;
111 my $def = $table->{$offset} or return;
112 my ($len, $class, $name, $title) = @{$def};
114 my $cols = $info->{cols};
115 my $colsize = $table->{colsize} || 1;
118 $name //= $len <= 2 ? 'res' : 'reserved';
120 if (my $part = $offset/$colsize % $cols) {
122 my $rest = $cols - $part; # remaining
123 $rest = $len if $len < $rest; #TODO: optimise
125 # continued on new row
126 my @next = ($len * $colsize, "$class joinu");
129 push @next, $name, $title;
134 # minority on next row
135 push @next, '"', $title || $name;
137 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rest} //= \@next;
142 elsif (my $rows = int($len / $cols)) {
144 if ($len -= $rows * $cols) {
145 # partial row remains
146 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rows * $cols} //= [$len*$colsize, "$class joinu", '', $title];
149 $attr .= sprintf ' rowspan=%d', $rows;
153 $attr .= sprintf ' colspan=%d', $len unless $len == 1;
154 $attr .= $1 if $class and $class =~ s/( \w+="[^"]*")//;
155 $attr .= sprintf ' class="%s"', $class if $class;
156 $attr .= sprintf ' title="%s"', EscapeHTML($title) if $title;
157 return "<td$attr>$name";
160 for my $row (@request) {
161 my $cols = $row->{cols};
162 my $colsize = $row->{cell} && $row->{cell}->{colsize} || 1;
163 my $coldigits = ceil(log($colsize * $cols) / log(16)); # uniform length of hexadecimal header
164 my $rowdiv = 16 ** $coldigits; # divider of row headers
166 my $endpoint = $offset + (length($row->{table}) || 256) * $colsize;
168 printf '<div class="section"><table class="glyphs%s">', !$row->{cell} && ' charmap';
169 my $title = $row->{set};
170 $title .= " <aside>($_)</aside>" for $row->{setnote} // ();
171 printf '<caption>%s</caption>', $title;
172 print '<col>' x ($cols + 1);
173 for my $section (qw{thead}) {
174 print "<$section><tr><th>↱";
175 printf '<th>%0*X', $coldigits, $_ * $colsize for 0 .. $cols - 1;
179 while ($offset < $endpoint - 1) {
182 if (my $rowmod = $offset % $rowdiv) {
183 # offset in column units
184 printf '<small>+%X</small>', $rowmod;
188 printf '%X', ($offset + $row->{offset}) / $rowdiv;
193 print range_cell($row, $offset);
197 my $glyph = substr $row->{table}, $offset, 1;
198 if ($glyph eq $NOCHAR) {
203 print "\n".$glyphs->glyph_cell($glyph);
210 say '</table></div>';
217 <table class="glyphs"><tr>
218 <td class="X Cc">control
219 <td class="X Zs"><span>whitespace</span>
220 <td class="X Mn">diacritic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
221 <td class="X Sk">letter
223 <td class="X Po">punctuation<table class="glyphs"><tr>
224 <td class="X Pf">quote
226 <td class="X So">symbol<table class="glyphs"><tr>
227 <td class="X Sm">math
228 <td class="X Sc">currency
230 <td class="X No">numeric
231 <td class="X Greek">greek<table class="glyphs"><tr>
232 <td class="X Latin">latin
233 <td class="X Cyrillic">cyrillic
235 <td class="X Aramaic">aramaic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
236 <td class="X Brahmic">brahmic
237 <td class="X Arabic">arabic
239 <td class="X Syllabic">syllabic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
240 <td class="X African">african
241 <td class="X Hiragana">japanese
242 <td class="X Han">cjk
243 <td class="X Bopomofo">chinese
245 <td class="X Alpha">alphabetic
248 <table class="glyphs"><tr>
249 <td class="X">unicode 7.0
250 <td class="X Xr">proposed
251 <td class="X Xd">deprecated
252 <td class="">unassigned
253 <td class="X Xi">invalid