4 title => 'charset cheat sheet',
7 "Reference sheet with all glyphs in common character encoding tables,",
8 "and an overview of Unicode ranges and UTF-8 bytes.",
11 charset codepage unicode ascii utf8 latin glyph character encoding
12 reference common overview table
14 stylesheet => [qw'light'],
15 data => [qw'charset-unicode.inc.pl charset-utf8.inc.pl'],
18 my @tablist = split /[^\w-]+/, $Request || 'default';
21 <h1>Character encoding</h1>
25 use Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar;
26 my $glyphs = Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar->new;
30 # generate character table(s)
31 my $input = shift or return;
34 default => [qw( unicode+0-192 utf-8 iso-8859-1 iso-8859-15 cp1252 cp437 cp850 )],
35 us => [qw( cp437 cp863 AdobeStandardEncoding gsm0338 )],
36 ebcdic => [qw( cp37 cp500 cp875 cp1026 cp1047 posix-bc )],
37 iso => [map {"iso-8859-$_"} 1 .. 11, 13 .. 16],
38 dos => [qw( cp437 cp865 cp861 cp860 cp863 cp850 cp857 cp852 cp775
39 cp737 cp869 cp866 cp855 cp862 cp864 )],
40 aix => [qw( cp1006 )],
41 win => [qw( cp1252 cp1250 cp1254 cp1257 cp1258 cp1253 cp1251 cp1255 cp1256 cp874 )],
43 westeur => [qw( iso-8859-1 iso-8859-15 cp1252 iso-8859-14 cp850 hp-roman8 nextstep MacRoman )],
44 centeur => [qw( iso-8859-2 iso-8859-16 cp1250 cp852 MacRomanian MacCroatian MacCentralEurRoman )], # MacRumanian only for DB
45 turkish => [qw( iso-8859-9 iso-8859-3 cp1254 cp857 MacTurkish )],
46 baltic => [qw( iso-8859-4 iso-8859-13 cp1257 cp775 )],
47 nordic => [qw( iso-8859-10 cp865 cp861 MacIcelandic MacSami )],
48 cyrillic => [qw( koi8-r koi8-u koi8-f iso-8859-5 cp1251 MacCyrillic cp866 cp855 )], # MacUkrainian is broken
49 arabic => [qw( iso-8859-6 cp1006 cp864 cp1256 MacArabic )], # MacFarsi same as MacArabic?
50 greek => [qw( iso-8859-7 cp1253 MacGreek cp737 cp869 )],
51 hebrew => [qw( iso-8859-8 cp1255 MacHebrew cp862 )],
52 thai => [qw( iso-8859-11 cp874 MacThai )],
53 vietnamese => [qw( viscii cp1258 MacVietnamese )],
54 symbol => [qw( symbol dingbats MacDingbats AdobeZdingbat AdobeSymbol )],
68 if (my $follow = $ALIAS->{$input}) {
69 tabinput($_) for ref $follow ? @{$follow} : $follow;
73 state $visible = {}; # all present tables
74 my %row = (offset => 0, cols => 16);
76 my $params = $input =~ s/[+](.*)\z// ? $1 : undef;
78 if (not defined $params) {
79 use List::Util qw( first pairfirst pairs );
82 'cp437' => ['cp850' => 0], # ascii range overridden later
83 'gsm0338' => ['ascii' => '0-127'],
85 'iso-8859-2' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
86 'iso-8859-3' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
87 'iso-8859-4' => ['iso-8859-2' => '160'],
88 'iso-8859-5' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
89 'iso-8859-6' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
90 'iso-8859-7' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
91 'iso-8859-8' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
92 'iso-8859-9' => ['iso-8859-1' => '208'],
93 'iso-8859-10' => ['iso-8859-4' => '160'],
94 'iso-8859-11' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
95 'iso-8859-13' => ['iso-8859-4' => '160'],
96 'iso-8859-14' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
97 'iso-8859-15' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160-191'],
98 'iso-8859-16' => ['iso-8859-2' => '160'],
99 'hp-roman8' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
101 'cp1252' => ['iso-8859-1' => '128-159'],
102 'cp1250' => ['iso-8859-2' => '128-191'],
103 'cp1254' => ['iso-8859-9' => '128-159'],
104 'cp874' => ['iso-8859-11' => '128-159'], # windows-874 actually cp1162
105 'cp1257' => ['iso-8859-13' => '128'],
106 'cp1251' => ['cp1252' => '128'],
107 'cp1253' => ['cp1252' => '128'],
108 'cp1255' => ['iso-8859-8' => '128-223', 'cp1252' => '128'],
109 'cp1256' => ['cp1252' => '128'],
111 'cp850' => ['cp437' => '144'],
112 'cp860' => ['cp437' => '128-175'],
113 'cp861' => ['cp865' => '128-175'],
114 'cp863' => ['cp437' => '128-175'],
115 'cp865' => ['cp437' => '144-175'],
116 'cp852' => ['cp850' => '128', 'cp437' => '128'],
117 'cp857' => ['cp850' => '128-239', 'cp437' => '128'],
118 'cp775' => ['cp850' => '128'], # partial cp437
119 'cp866' => ['cp437' => '128'],
120 'cp855' => ['cp437' => '128'],
121 'cp1006' => ['cp437' => '128'],
122 'cp737' => ['cp437' => '128'],
123 'cp869' => ['cp437' => '128'],
124 'cp862' => ['cp437' => '128'],
125 'cp864' => ['cp437' => '128'],
127 'koi8-u' => ['koi8-r' => 128],
128 'koi8-f' => ['koi8-u' => 128],
130 'MacRomanian' => ['MacRoman' => '160'],
131 'MacCroatian' => ['MacRoman' => '160'],
132 'MacCentralEurRoman' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
133 'MacTurkish' => ['MacRoman' => '208-223'], # F5 is unassigned
134 'MacCyrillic' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
135 'MacHebrew' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
138 my @parents = @{ $INHERIT->{$input} || [] };
140 if (my ($parent, $part) = pairfirst { $visible->{$a} } @parents) {
141 $row{parent} = $parent;
144 elsif ($visible->{ascii}) {
145 $row{parent} = $parents[0] || 'ascii';
146 $params = $parents[1] || 128;
147 $params = 128 if $params >= 128; # ascii offset at most
150 $row{parent} = $parents[0];
154 if (defined $params and $params =~ m/^ (\d+) (-\d+)? /x) {
156 $endpoint = -$2 if $2;
159 if ($input =~ /^U([0-9a-f]+)(?:-([0-9a-f]+))?/) {
160 my $start = hex($1) << ($2 ? 4 : 8);
161 my $end = $2 ? hex($2) << 4 : $start + 240;
162 $row{table} = join '', map { chr } $start .. $end+15;
163 utf8::upgrade($row{table}); # prevent latin1 output
164 $row{len} = length $row{table};
165 $row{set} = sprintf 'Unicode block U+%02Xxx', $start >> 8;
167 elsif ($input eq 'U') {
169 $row{set} = 'Unicode planes';
170 $row{cell} = do 'charset-ucplanes.inc.pl'
171 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
174 elsif ($row{set} = Encode::resolve_alias($input)) {
175 if ($row{set} eq 'Internal') {
176 $row{len} = $endpoint < 255 ? 640 : 8192;
177 $row{set} = 'Unicode BMP';
178 $row{cell} = do 'charset-unicode.inc.pl'
179 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
181 elsif ($row{set} eq 'utf-8-strict') {
184 $row{cell} = do 'charset-utf8.inc.pl'
185 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
188 if ($row{set} eq 'MacHebrew') {
189 # array of possibly multiple characters per code point
191 map { Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $_) } $row{offset} .. $endpoint
195 # ~16x faster than decoding in loop;
196 # substr strings is twice as fast as splitting to an array
197 $row{table} = Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $row{offset} .. $endpoint);
199 $row{len} = $endpoint - $row{offset};
201 if ($row{set} eq 'cp437' and !$row{offset}) {
202 substr($row{table}, 237, 1) = pack 'U*', 0x3D5; # phi sign
203 substr($row{table}, 0, 32) = pack 'U*', map {hex} qw(
204 2007 263A 263B 2665 2666 2663 2660 2022
205 25D8 25CB 25D9 2642 2640 266A 266B 263C
206 25BA 25C4 2195 203C 00B6 00A7 25AC 21A8
207 2191 2193 2192 2190 221F 2194 25B2 25BC
211 $visible->{ascii} = # assume common base
212 $visible->{ $row{set} } = 1;
216 Alert("Encoding <q>$input</q> unknown");
219 push @request, \%row;
221 tabinput($_) for @tablist;
223 my $NOCHAR = chr 0xFFFD;
226 my ($info, $offset) = @_;
227 my $table = $info->{cell} or return;
228 my $def = $table->{$offset} or return;
229 my ($len, $class, $name, $title) = @{$def};
231 my $cols = $info->{cols};
232 my $colsize = $table->{colsize} || 1;
235 $name //= $len <= 2 ? 'res' : 'reserved';
237 if (my $part = $offset/$colsize % $cols) {
239 my $rest = $cols - $part; # remaining
240 $rest = $len if $len < $rest; #TODO: optimise
242 # continued on new row
243 my @next = ($len * $colsize, "$class joinu");
246 push @next, $name, $title;
251 # minority on next row
252 push @next, '"', $title || $name;
254 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rest} //= \@next;
259 elsif (my $rows = int($len / $cols)) {
261 if ($len -= $rows * $cols) {
262 # partial row remains
263 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rows * $cols} //= [$len*$colsize, "$class joinu", '', $title];
266 $attr .= sprintf ' rowspan=%d', $rows;
270 $attr .= sprintf ' colspan=%d', $len unless $len == 1;
271 $attr .= $1 if $class and $class =~ s/( \w+="[^"]*")//;
272 $attr .= sprintf ' class="%s"', $class if $class;
273 $attr .= sprintf ' title="%s"', EscapeHTML($title) if $title;
274 return "<td$attr>$name";
277 for my $row (@request) {
278 my $cols = $row->{cols};
279 my $colsize = $row->{cell} && $row->{cell}->{colsize} || 1;
280 my $coldigits = ceil(log($colsize * $cols) / log(16)); # uniform length of hexadecimal header
281 my $rowdiv = 16 ** $coldigits; # row divide for column digits
282 $rowdiv = 1 if $rowdiv != $cols * $colsize; # divide only if all columns are matched
284 my $endpoint = $offset + $row->{len} * $colsize;
286 printf '<div class="section"><table class="glyphs%s">', !$row->{cell} && ' charmap';
287 my $title = $row->{set};
288 $title .= " <aside>(over $_)</aside>"
289 for grep { $_ ne 'iso-8859-1' } $row->{parent} // ();
290 printf '<caption>%s</caption>', $title;
291 print '<col>' x ($cols + 1);
292 for my $section (qw{thead}) {
293 print "<$section><tr><th>", $rowdiv == 1 ? '+' : '↱';
294 printf '<th>%0*X', $coldigits, $_ * $colsize for 0 .. $cols - 1;
298 while ($offset < $endpoint - 1) {
301 if (my $rowmod = $offset % $rowdiv) {
302 # offset in column units
303 printf '<small>+%X</small>', $rowmod;
307 printf '%X', ($offset + $row->{offset}) / $rowdiv;
312 print range_cell($row, $offset);
316 my $glyph = ref $row->{table} eq 'ARRAY' ? $row->{table}->[$offset] :
317 substr $row->{table}, $offset, 1;
318 if ($glyph eq $NOCHAR) {
323 print "\n".$glyphs->glyph_cell($glyph);
330 say '</table></div>';
337 <table class="glyphs"><tr>
338 <td class="X Cc">control
339 <td class="X Zs"><span>whitespace</span>
340 <td class="X Mn">diacritic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
341 <td class="X Sk">letter
343 <td class="X Po">punctuation<table class="glyphs"><tr>
344 <td class="X Pf">quote
346 <td class="X So">symbol<table class="glyphs"><tr>
347 <td class="X Sm">math
348 <td class="X Sc">currency
350 <td class="X No">numeric
351 <td class="X Greek">greek<table class="glyphs"><tr>
352 <td class="X Latin">latin
353 <td class="X Cyrillic">cyrillic
355 <td class="X Aramaic">aramaic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
356 <td class="X Brahmic">brahmic
357 <td class="X Arabic">arabic
359 <td class="X Syllabic">syllabic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
360 <td class="X African">african
361 <td class="X Hiragana">japanese
362 <td class="X Han">cjk
363 <td class="X Bopomofo">chinese
365 <td class="X Alpha">alphabetic
368 <table class="glyphs"><tr>
369 <td class="X">unicode 7.0
370 <td class="X Xr">proposed
371 <td class="X Xd">deprecated
372 <td class="">unassigned
373 <td class="X Xi">invalid