4 title => 'charset cheat sheet',
7 "Reference sheet with all glyphs in common character encoding tables,",
8 "and an overview of Unicode ranges and UTF-8 bytes.",
11 charset codepage unicode ascii utf8 latin glyph character encoding
12 reference common overview table
14 stylesheet => [qw'light'],
15 data => [qw'charset-unicode.inc.pl charset-utf8.inc.pl'],
18 my @tablist = split /[^\w-]+/, $Request || 'default';
21 <h1>Character encoding</h1>
25 use Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar;
26 my $glyphs = Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar->new;
30 # generate character table(s)
31 my $input = shift or return;
34 default => [qw( unicode+0-639 utf-8 iso-8859-1 iso-8859-15 cp1252 cp437 cp850 )],
35 us => [qw( cp437 cp863 AdobeStandardEncoding gsm0338 )],
36 ebcdic => [qw( cp37 cp500 cp875 cp1026 cp1047 posix-bc )],
37 iso => [map {"iso-8859-$_"} 1 .. 11, 13 .. 16],
38 dos => [qw( cp437 cp865 cp861 cp860 cp863 cp850 cp857 cp852 cp775
39 cp737 cp869 cp866 cp855 cp862 cp864 )],
40 aix => [qw( cp1006 )],
41 win => [qw( cp1252 cp1250 cp1254 cp1257 cp1258 cp1253 cp1251 cp1255 cp1256 cp874 )],
43 westeur => [qw( iso-8859-1 iso-8859-15 cp1252 iso-8859-14 cp850 hp-roman8 nextstep MacRoman )],
44 centeur => [qw( iso-8859-2 iso-8859-16 cp1250 cp852 MacRomanian MacCroatian MacCentralEurRoman )], # MacRumanian only for DB
45 turkish => [qw( iso-8859-9 iso-8859-3 cp1254 cp857 MacTurkish )],
46 baltic => [qw( iso-8859-4 iso-8859-13 cp1257 cp775 )],
47 nordic => [qw( iso-8859-10 cp865 cp861 MacIcelandic MacSami )],
48 cyrillic => [qw( koi8-r koi8-u koi8-f iso-8859-5 cp1251 MacCyrillic cp866 cp855 )], # MacUkrainian is broken
49 arabic => [qw( iso-8859-6 cp1006 cp864 cp1256 MacArabic )], # MacFarsi same as MacArabic?
50 greek => [qw( iso-8859-7 cp1253 MacGreek cp737 cp869 )],
51 hebrew => [qw( iso-8859-8 cp1255 MacHebrew cp862 )],
52 thai => [qw( iso-8859-11 cp874 MacThai )],
53 vietnamese => [qw( viscii cp1258 MacVietnamese )],
54 symbol => [qw( symbol dingbats MacDingbats AdobeZdingbat AdobeSymbol )],
68 if (my $follow = $ALIAS->{$input}) {
69 tabinput($_) for ref $follow ? @{$follow} : $follow;
73 state $visible = {}; # all present tables
74 my %row = (offset => 0, cols => 16);
76 my $params = $input =~ s/[+](.*)\z// ? $1 : undef;
78 if (not defined $params) {
79 use List::Util qw( first pairfirst pairs );
82 'cp437' => ['cp850' => 0], # ascii range overridden later
83 'gsm0338' => ['ascii' => '0-127'],
85 'iso-8859-2' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
86 'iso-8859-3' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
87 'iso-8859-4' => ['iso-8859-2' => '160'],
88 'iso-8859-5' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
89 'iso-8859-6' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
90 'iso-8859-7' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
91 'iso-8859-8' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
92 'iso-8859-9' => ['iso-8859-1' => '208'],
93 'iso-8859-10' => ['iso-8859-4' => '160'],
94 'iso-8859-11' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
95 'iso-8859-13' => ['iso-8859-4' => '160'],
96 'iso-8859-14' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
97 'iso-8859-15' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160-191'],
98 'iso-8859-16' => ['iso-8859-2' => '160'],
99 'hp-roman8' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
101 'cp1252' => ['iso-8859-1' => '128-159'],
102 'cp1250' => ['iso-8859-2' => '128-191', 'cp1252' => '128'],
103 'cp1254' => ['iso-8859-9' => '128-159', 'cp1252' => '128'],
104 'cp874' => ['iso-8859-11' => '128-159', 'cp1252' => '128'], # windows-874 actually cp1162
105 'cp1257' => ['iso-8859-13' => '128', 'cp1252' => '128'],
106 'cp1251' => ['cp1252' => '128'],
107 'cp1253' => ['cp1252' => '128'],
108 'cp1255' => ['iso-8859-8' => '128-223', 'cp1252' => '128'],
109 'cp1256' => ['cp1252' => '128'],
110 'cp1258' => ['cp1252' => '128'],
112 'cp850' => ['cp437' => '144'],
113 'cp860' => ['cp437' => '128-175'],
114 'cp861' => ['cp865' => '128-175'],
115 'cp863' => ['cp437' => '128-175'],
116 'cp865' => ['cp437' => '144-175'],
117 'cp852' => ['cp850' => '128', 'cp437' => '128'],
118 'cp857' => ['cp850' => '128-239', 'cp437' => '128'],
119 'cp775' => ['cp850' => '128'], # partial cp437
120 'cp866' => ['cp437' => '128'],
121 'cp855' => ['cp437' => '128'],
122 'cp1006' => ['cp437' => '128'],
123 'cp737' => ['cp437' => '128'],
124 'cp869' => ['cp437' => '128'],
125 'cp862' => ['cp437' => '128'],
126 'cp864' => ['cp437' => '128'],
128 'koi8-u' => ['koi8-r' => 128],
129 'koi8-f' => ['koi8-u' => 128],
131 'MacRomanian' => ['MacRoman' => '160'],
132 'MacCroatian' => ['MacRoman' => '160'],
133 'MacCentralEurRoman' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
134 'MacTurkish' => ['MacRoman' => '208-223'], # F5 is unassigned
135 'MacCyrillic' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
136 'MacHebrew' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
139 my @parents = @{ $INHERIT->{$input} || [] };
141 if (my ($parent, $part) = pairfirst { defined $visible->{$a} } @parents) {
142 $row{parent} = $parent;
144 $params = 128 unless $visible->{$parent}
145 or ($input eq 'MacCroatian' and defined $visible->{MacRomanian});
147 elsif (defined $visible->{ascii}) {
148 $row{parent} = $parents[0];
149 $params = $parents[1] || 128;
150 $params = 128 if $params >= 128; # ascii offset at most
153 $row{parent} = $parents[0];
155 $visible->{$_} //= 0 for $row{parent};
158 if (defined $params) {
161 (?: [-] (?<endpoint> \d+) )? \z
163 "Unknown range parameters for $input",
164 "<q>$params</q> is not in format start(-end)",
167 $row{offset} = $+{offset};
168 $endpoint = $+{endpoint} if $+{endpoint};
171 if ($input =~ /^U([0-9a-f]+)(?:-([0-9a-f]+))?/) {
172 my $start = hex($1) << ($2 ? 4 : 8);
173 my $end = $2 ? hex($2) << 4 : $start + 240;
174 $row{table} = join '', map { chr } $start .. $end+15;
175 utf8::upgrade($row{table}); # prevent latin1 output
176 $row{endpoint} = $end + 14 - $start;
177 $row{set} = sprintf 'Unicode block U+%02Xxx', $start >> 8;
179 elsif ($input eq 'U') {
180 $row{set} = 'Unicode planes';
181 $row{cell} = do 'charset-ucplanes.inc.pl'
182 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
184 $row{endpoint} = 1023 * $row{cell}->{colsize};
186 elsif ($row{set} = Encode::resolve_alias($input)) {
187 if ($row{set} eq 'Internal') {
188 $row{set} = 'Unicode BMP';
189 $row{cell} = do 'charset-unicode.inc.pl'
190 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
191 $row{endpoint} = ($endpoint || 8191) * $row{cell}->{colsize};
193 elsif ($row{set} eq 'utf-8-strict') {
195 $row{cell} = do 'charset-utf8.inc.pl'
196 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
197 $row{endpoint} = 255;
200 if ($row{set} eq 'MacHebrew') {
201 # array of possibly multiple characters per code point
203 map { Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $_) } $row{offset} .. $endpoint
207 # ~16x faster than decoding in loop;
208 # substr strings is twice as fast as splitting to an array
209 $row{table} = Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $row{offset} .. $endpoint);
211 $row{endpoint} = $endpoint - $row{offset};
213 if ($row{set} eq 'cp437' and !$row{offset}) {
214 substr($row{table}, 237, 1) = pack 'U*', 0x3D5; # phi sign
215 substr($row{table}, 0, 32) = pack 'U*', map {hex} qw(
216 2007 263A 263B 2665 2666 2663 2660 2022
217 25D8 25CB 25D9 2642 2640 266A 266B 263C
218 25BA 25C4 2195 203C 00B6 00A7 25AC 21A8
219 2191 2193 2192 2190 221F 2194 25B2 25BC
223 $visible->{ascii} = # assume common base
224 $visible->{ $row{set} } = 1;
228 Alert("Encoding <q>$input</q> unknown");
231 push @request, \%row;
233 tabinput($_) for @tablist;
235 my $NOCHAR = chr 0xFFFD;
238 my ($info, $offset) = @_;
239 my $table = $info->{cell} or return;
240 my $def = $table->{$offset} or return;
241 my ($len, $class, $name, $title) = @{$def};
243 my $cols = $info->{cols};
244 my $colsize = $table->{colsize} || 1;
247 $name //= $len <= 2 ? 'res' : 'reserved';
249 if (my $part = $offset/$colsize % $cols) {
251 my $rest = $cols - $part; # remaining
252 $rest = $len if $len < $rest; #TODO: optimise
254 # continued on new row
255 my @next = ($len * $colsize, "$class joinu");
258 push @next, $name, $title;
263 # minority on next row
264 push @next, '"', $title || $name;
266 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rest} //= \@next;
271 elsif (my $rows = int($len / $cols)) {
273 if ($len -= $rows * $cols) {
274 # partial row remains
275 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rows * $cols} //= [$len*$colsize, "$class joinu", '', $title];
278 $attr .= sprintf ' rowspan=%d', $rows;
282 $attr .= sprintf ' colspan=%d', $len unless $len == 1;
283 $attr .= $1 if $class and $class =~ s/( \w+="[^"]*")//;
284 $attr .= sprintf ' class="%s"', $class if $class;
285 $attr .= sprintf ' title="%s"', EscapeHTML($title) if $title;
286 return "<td$attr>$name";
289 for my $row (@request) {
290 my $cols = $row->{cols};
291 my $colsize = $row->{cell} && $row->{cell}->{colsize} || 1;
292 my $coldigits = ceil(log($colsize * $cols) / log(16)); # uniform length of hexadecimal header
293 my $rowdiv = 16 ** $coldigits; # row divide for column digits
294 $rowdiv = 1 if $rowdiv != $cols * $colsize; # divide only if all columns are matched
297 printf '<div class="section"><table class="glyphs%s">', !$row->{cell} && ' charmap';
298 my $title = $row->{set};
299 $title .= " <aside>(over $_)</aside>"
300 for grep { $_ ne 'iso-8859-1' } $row->{parent} // ();
301 printf '<caption>%s</caption>', $title;
302 print '<col>' x ($cols + 1);
303 for my $section (qw{thead}) {
304 print "<$section><tr><th>", $rowdiv == 1 ? '+' : '↱';
305 printf '<th>%0*X', $coldigits, $_ * $colsize for 0 .. $cols - 1;
309 while ($offset < $row->{endpoint}) {
312 if (my $rowmod = $offset % $rowdiv) {
313 # offset in column units
314 printf '<small>+%X</small>', $rowmod;
318 printf '%X', ($offset + $row->{offset}) / $rowdiv;
323 print range_cell($row, $offset);
327 my $glyph = ref $row->{table} eq 'ARRAY' ? $row->{table}->[$offset] :
328 substr $row->{table}, $offset, 1;
329 if ($glyph eq $NOCHAR) {
334 if (exists $get{compare}) {
336 my $cp = $offset + $row->{offset};
337 printf '<td class="%s" title="%3$s">%2$s',
338 $cp == ord $glyph ? 'l4' :
339 $row->{parent} && $glyph eq
340 Encode::decode($row->{parent}, pack 'C', $cp) ? 'l3' :
341 $visible->{$glyph} ? 'l2' :
343 $glyphs->glyph_html($glyph);
344 $visible->{$glyph}++;
348 print "\n".$glyphs->glyph_cell($glyph);
355 say '</table></div>';
362 <table class="glyphs"><tr><: if (exists $get{compare}) { :>
363 <td class="X l4">unicode
364 <td class="X l3">inherited
365 <td class="X l2">existing
366 <td class="X l1">original
367 <td class="">unassigned
369 <td class="X Cc">control
370 <td class="X Zs"><span>whitespace</span>
371 <td class="X Mn">diacritic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
372 <td class="X Sk">letter
374 <td class="X Po">punctuation<table class="glyphs"><tr>
375 <td class="X Pf">quote
377 <td class="X So">symbol<table class="glyphs"><tr>
378 <td class="X Sm">math
379 <td class="X Sc">currency
381 <td class="X No">numeric
382 <td class="X Greek">greek<table class="glyphs"><tr>
383 <td class="X Latin">latin
384 <td class="X Cyrillic">cyrillic
386 <td class="X Aramaic">aramaic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
387 <td class="X Brahmic">brahmic
388 <td class="X Arabic">arabic
390 <td class="X Syllabic">syllabic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
391 <td class="X African">african
392 <td class="X Hiragana">japanese
393 <td class="X Han">cjk
394 <td class="X Bopomofo">chinese
396 <td class="X Alpha">alphabetic
399 <table class="glyphs"><tr>
400 <td class="X">unicode 7.0
401 <td class="X Xr">proposed
402 <td class="X Xd">deprecated
403 <td class="">unassigned
404 <td class="X Xi">invalid