4 title => 'charset cheat sheet',
7 "Reference sheet with all glyphs in common character encoding tables,",
8 "and an overview of Unicode ranges and UTF-8 bytes.",
11 charset codepage unicode ascii utf8 latin glyph character encoding
12 reference common overview table
14 stylesheet => [qw'light'],
15 data => [qw'charset-unicode.inc.pl charset-utf8.inc.pl'],
19 <h1>Character encoding</h1>
23 use Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar;
24 my $glyphs = Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar->new;
25 my $cols = 16; # columns
27 # generate character table(s)
28 # (~16x faster than decoding in loop;
29 # substr strings is twice as fast as splitting to an array)
31 # default => [qw(unicode utf-8 iso-8859-1 cp437 -cp1252- --iso-8859-15- -koi8-f)],
32 default => [qw(unicode- utf-8 iso-8859-1 -cp1252- --iso-8859-15- cp437 -cp850)],
33 0 => [qw(cp437 -cp863)],
34 1 => [qw(iso-8859-1 -cp1252 -MacRoman -cp850)],
35 2 => [qw(iso-8859-2 -cp1250 -cp852 -MacCentralEurRoman -MacCroatian -MacRumanian)],
36 5 => [qw(koi8-f -iso-8859-5 -cp1251 -MacCyrillic -cp855 -cp866)],
37 7 => [qw(iso-8859-7 -cp1253 -MacGreek -cp737 -cp869)],
38 8 => [qw(iso-8859-8 -cp1255 -MacHebrew -cp862)],
42 my %row = (offset => 0);
44 if ($input =~ s/^--//) {
45 $row{offset} = $endpoint > 160 ? 160 : 48;
47 elsif ($input =~ s/^-//) {
48 $row{offset} = $endpoint > 128 ? 128 : 32;
50 if ($input =~ s/-$//) {
51 $endpoint = $row{offset} ? $row{offset} < 160 ? 159 : 191 : 127;
54 $row{setnote} = 'over cp437' if $input eq 'cp850';
55 $row{setnote} = 'over iso-8859-1' if $input =~ /^iso-8859-|^cp125/;
58 if ($input =~ /^U([0-9a-f]+)(?:-([0-9a-f]+))?/) {
59 my $start = hex($1) << ($2 ? 4 : 8);
60 my $end = $2 ? hex($2) << 4 : $start + 240;
61 $row{table} = join '', map { chr } $start .. $end+15;
62 utf8::upgrade($row{table}); # prevent latin1 output
63 $row{set} = sprintf 'Unicode block U+%02Xxx', $start >> 8;
65 elsif ($input eq 'U') {
66 $row{table} = ' ' x 1024;
67 $row{set} = 'Unicode planes';
68 $row{cell} = do 'charset-ucplanes.inc.pl'
69 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
72 elsif ($row{set} = Encode::resolve_alias($input)) {
73 if ($row{set} eq 'Internal') {
74 $row{table} = ' ' x ($endpoint < 255 ? 640 : 8192);
75 $row{set} = 'Unicode BMP';
76 $row{cell} = do 'charset-unicode.inc.pl'
77 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
79 elsif ($row{set} eq 'utf-8-strict') {
82 $row{cell} = do 'charset-utf8.inc.pl'
83 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
86 $row{table} = Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $row{offset} .. $endpoint);
90 Alert("Encoding <q>$input</q> unknown");
92 $row{set} ? \%row : ();
97 } map { defined $ALIAS{$_} ? @{ $ALIAS{$_} } : $_ }
98 $Request =~ /\w/ ? split(m{[/+\s]}, $Request) : 'default';
99 my $NOCHAR = chr 0xFFFD;
101 for my $cp437 (grep {$request[$_]->{set} eq 'cp437'} 0 .. $#request) {
102 substr($request[$cp437]->{table}, 237, 1) = pack 'U*', 0x3D5; # phi sign
103 substr($request[$cp437]->{table}, 0, 32) = pack 'U*', map {hex} qw(
104 2007 263A 263B 2665 2666 2663 2660 2022 25D8 25CB 25D9 2642 2640 266A 266B 263C
105 25BA 25C4 2195 203C 00B6 00A7 25AC 21A8 2191 2193 2192 2190 221F 2194 25B2 25BC
110 my ($table, $offset) = @_;
111 my $def = $table->{$offset} or return;
112 my ($len, $class, $name, $title) = @{$def};
114 my $colsize = $table->{colsize} || 1;
117 $name //= $len <= 2 ? 'res' : 'reserved';
119 if (my $part = $offset/$colsize % $cols) {
121 my $rest = $cols - $part; # remaining
122 $rest = $len if $len < $rest; #TODO: optimise
124 # continued on new row
125 my @next = ($len * $colsize, "$class joinu");
128 push @next, $name, $title;
133 # minority on next row
134 push @next, '"', $title || $name;
136 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rest} //= \@next;
141 elsif (my $rows = int($len / $cols)) {
143 if ($len -= $rows * $cols) {
144 # partial row remains
145 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rows * $cols} //= [$len*$colsize, "$class joinu", '', $title];
148 $attr .= sprintf ' rowspan=%d', $rows;
152 $attr .= sprintf ' colspan=%d', $len unless $len == 1;
153 $attr .= $1 if $class and $class =~ s/( \w+="[^"]*")//;
154 $attr .= sprintf ' class="%s"', $class if $class;
155 $attr .= sprintf ' title="%s"', EscapeHTML($title) if $title;
156 return "<td$attr>$name";
159 for my $row (@request) {
160 my $colsize = $row->{cell} && $row->{cell}->{colsize} || 1;
161 printf '<div class="section"><table class="glyphs%s">', !$row->{cell} && ' charmap';
162 my $title = $row->{set};
163 $title .= " <aside>($_)</aside>" for $row->{setnote} // ();
164 printf '<caption>%s</caption>', $title;
165 print '<col>' x ($cols + 1);
166 my $coldigits = ceil(log($colsize * $cols) / log(16)); # uniform length of hexadecimal header
167 for my $section (qw{thead}) {
168 print "<$section><tr><th>↱";
169 printf '<th>%0*X', $coldigits, $_ * $colsize for 0 .. $cols - 1;
173 for my $msb (0 .. ((length($row->{table}) || 256) - 1) / $cols) {
174 printf '<tr><th>%X', ($msb + int($row->{offset} / $cols)) * $cols * $colsize;
175 for my $lsb (0 .. $cols - 1) {
176 my $val = ( ($msb * $cols) + $lsb ) * $colsize;
178 print range_cell($row->{cell}, $val);
182 my $glyph = substr $row->{table}, $val, 1;
183 if ($glyph eq $NOCHAR) {
188 print "\n".$glyphs->glyph_cell($glyph);
192 say '</table></div>';
199 <table class="glyphs"><tr>
200 <td class="X Cc">control
201 <td class="X Zs"><span>whitespace</span>
202 <td class="X Mn">diacritic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
203 <td class="X Sk">letter
205 <td class="X Po">punctuation<table class="glyphs"><tr>
206 <td class="X Pf">quote
208 <td class="X So">symbol<table class="glyphs"><tr>
209 <td class="X Sm">math
210 <td class="X Sc">currency
212 <td class="X No">numeric
213 <td class="X Greek">greek<table class="glyphs"><tr>
214 <td class="X Latin">latin
215 <td class="X Cyrillic">cyrillic
217 <td class="X Aramaic">aramaic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
218 <td class="X Brahmic">brahmic
219 <td class="X Arabic">arabic
221 <td class="X Syllabic">syllabic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
222 <td class="X African">african
223 <td class="X Hiragana">japanese
224 <td class="X Han">cjk
225 <td class="X Bopomofo">chinese
227 <td class="X Alpha">alphabetic
230 <table class="glyphs"><tr>
231 <td class="X">unicode 7.0
232 <td class="X Xr">proposed
233 <td class="X Xd">deprecated
234 <td class="">unassigned
235 <td class="X Xi">invalid