4 title => 'charset cheat sheet',
7 "Reference sheet with all glyphs in common character encoding tables,",
8 "and an overview of Unicode ranges and UTF-8 bytes.",
11 charset codepage unicode ascii utf8 latin glyph character encoding
12 reference common overview table
14 stylesheet => [qw'light'],
15 data => [qw'charset-unicode.inc.pl charset-utf8.inc.pl'],
18 my @tablist = split m{/+}, $Request || 'default';
21 <h1>Character encoding</h1>
25 use Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar;
26 my $glyphs = Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar->new;
30 # generate character table(s)
31 my $input = shift or return;
34 default => [qw( unicode+0-639 utf-8 iso-8859-1 iso-8859-15 cp1252 cp437 cp850 )],
35 us => [qw( cp437 cp863 AdobeStandardEncoding gsm0338 )],
36 ebcdic => [qw( cp37 cp500 cp875 cp1026 cp1047 posix-bc )],
37 iso => [map {"iso-8859-$_"} 1 .. 11, 13 .. 16],
38 dos => [qw( cp437 cp865 cp861 cp860 cp863 cp850 cp857 cp852 cp775
39 cp737 cp869 cp866 cp855 cp862 cp864 )],
40 aix => [qw( cp1006 )],
41 win => [qw( cp1252 cp1250 cp1254 cp1257 cp1258 cp1253 cp1251 cp1255 cp1256 cp874 )],
42 mac => [qw( MacRoman MacRomanian MacRumanian MacCroatian MacCentralEurRoman MacTurkish MacIcelandic MacSami
43 MacGreek MacCyrillic MacHebrew MacArabic MacFarsi MacThai )],
46 westeur => [qw( iso-8859-1 iso-8859-15 cp1252 iso-8859-14 cp850 hp-roman8 nextstep MacRoman )],
47 centeur => [qw( iso-8859-2 iso-8859-16 cp1250 cp852 MacRomanian MacCroatian MacCentralEurRoman )], # MacRumanian only for DB
48 turkish => [qw( iso-8859-9 iso-8859-3 cp1254 cp857 MacTurkish )],
49 baltic => [qw( iso-8859-4 iso-8859-13 cp1257 cp775 )],
50 nordic => [qw( iso-8859-10 cp865 cp861 MacIcelandic MacSami )],
51 cyrillic => [qw( koi8-r koi8-u koi8-f iso-8859-5 cp1251 MacCyrillic cp866 cp855 )], # MacUkrainian is broken
52 arabic => [qw( iso-8859-6 cp1006 cp864 cp1256 MacArabic )], # MacFarsi same as MacArabic?
53 greek => [qw( iso-8859-7 cp1253 MacGreek cp737 cp869 )],
54 hebrew => [qw( iso-8859-8 cp1255 MacHebrew cp862 )],
55 thai => [qw( iso-8859-11 cp874 MacThai )],
56 vietnamese => [qw( viscii cp1258 MacVietnamese )],
57 symbol => [qw( symbol dingbats MacDingbats AdobeZdingbat AdobeSymbol )],
72 if (my $follow = $ALIAS->{$input}) {
73 tabinput($_) for ref $follow ? @{$follow} : $follow;
77 state $visible = {}; # all present tables
78 my %row = (offset => 0, cols => 16);
80 my $params = $input =~ s/[+](.*)\z// ? $1 : undef;
82 if (not defined $params) {
83 use List::Util qw( first pairfirst pairs );
86 'cp437' => ['cp850' => 0], # ascii range overridden later
87 'gsm0338' => ['ascii' => '0-127'],
89 'iso-8859-2' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
90 'iso-8859-3' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
91 'iso-8859-4' => ['iso-8859-2' => '160'],
92 'iso-8859-5' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
93 'iso-8859-6' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
94 'iso-8859-7' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
95 'iso-8859-8' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
96 'iso-8859-9' => ['iso-8859-1' => '208-223+240'],
97 'iso-8859-10' => ['iso-8859-4' => '160'],
98 'iso-8859-11' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
99 'iso-8859-13' => ['iso-8859-4' => '160'],
100 'iso-8859-14' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
101 'iso-8859-15' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160-191'],
102 'iso-8859-16' => ['iso-8859-2' => '160'],
103 'hp-roman8' => ['iso-8859-1' => '160'],
105 'cp1252' => ['iso-8859-1' => '128-159'],
106 'cp1250' => ['iso-8859-2' => '128-191', 'cp1252' => '128'],
107 'cp1254' => ['iso-8859-9' => '128-159', 'cp1252' => '128-159+208'],
108 'cp874' => ['iso-8859-11' => '128-159', 'cp1252' => '128'], # windows-874 actually cp1162
109 'cp1257' => ['iso-8859-13' => '128-159+255', 'cp1252' => '128'],
110 'cp1251' => ['cp1252' => '128'],
111 'cp1253' => ['cp1252' => '128'],
112 'cp1255' => ['iso-8859-8' => '128-223', 'cp1252' => '128'],
113 'cp1256' => ['cp1252' => '128'],
114 'cp1258' => ['cp1252' => '128-159+192'],
116 'cp850' => ['cp437' => '144'],
117 'cp860' => ['cp437' => '128-175'],
118 'cp861' => ['cp865' => '128-175'],
119 'cp863' => ['cp437' => '128-175'],
120 'cp865' => ['cp437' => '144-175'],
121 'cp852' => ['cp850' => '128', 'cp437' => '128'],
122 'cp857' => ['cp850' => '128-175+208-239', 'cp437' => '128'],
123 'cp775' => ['cp850' => '128'], # partial cp437
124 'cp866' => ['cp437' => '128-175+224'],
125 'cp855' => ['cp437' => '128'],
126 'cp1006' => ['cp437' => '128'],
127 'cp737' => ['cp437' => '128-175+224'],
128 'cp869' => ['cp437' => '128'],
129 'cp862' => ['cp437' => '128-159'],
130 'cp864' => ['cp437' => '128'],
132 'koi8-u' => ['koi8-r' => 128],
133 'koi8-f' => ['koi8-u' => 128],
135 'MacRomanian' => ['MacRoman' => '160-191+208-223'],
136 'MacRumanian' => ['MacRomanian' => '160-191+208-223', 'MacRoman' => '160-191+208-223'],
137 'MacCroatian' => ['MacRoman' => '160'],
138 'MacCentralEurRoman' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
139 'MacIcelandic'=> ['MacRoman' => '160-175+208-239'], #TODO: gaps at C/E
140 'MacTurkish' => ['MacRoman' => '208-223'], # F5 is unassigned
141 'MacSami' => ['MacIcelandic' => '144', 'MacRoman' => '144'],
142 'MacGreek' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
143 'MacCyrillic' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
144 'MacHebrew' => ['MacRoman' => '128-143+160'], # partial ascii
145 'MacArabic' => ['MacRoman' => '128'],
146 'MacFarsi' => ['MacArabic' => '176-191', 'MacRoman' => '128'],
149 my @parents = @{ $INHERIT->{$input} || [] };
151 if (my ($parent, $part) = pairfirst { defined $visible->{$a} } @parents) {
152 $row{parent} = $parent;
154 $params = 128 unless $visible->{$parent}
155 or ($input eq 'MacCroatian' and defined $visible->{MacRomanian});
157 elsif (defined $visible->{ascii}) {
158 $row{parent} = $parents[0];
159 $params = $parents[1] || 128;
160 $params = 128 if $params >= 128; # ascii offset at most
163 $row{parent} = $parents[0];
165 $visible->{$_} //= 0 for $row{parent};
168 if (defined $params) {
171 (?: (?: [-] (?<stop> \d+) )? (?: [+] (?<restart> \d+) ) )?
172 (?: [-] (?<endpoint> \d+) )? \z
174 "Unknown range parameters for $input",
175 "<q>$params</q> is not in format start(-stop)(+restart(-end))",
178 $row{offset} = $+{offset};
179 $endpoint = $+{endpoint} if $+{endpoint};
180 if (my $restart = $+{restart}) {
181 my $skip = int(($+{stop} || $row{offset}) / $row{cols});
182 for ($skip + 1 .. ($restart / $row{cols}) - 1) {
183 $row{skip}->{ $_ * $row{cols} - $row{offset} }++;
188 if ($input =~ /^U([0-9a-f]+)(?:-([0-9a-f]+))?/) {
189 my $start = hex($1) << ($2 ? 4 : 8);
190 my $end = $2 ? hex($2) << 4 : $start + 240;
191 $row{table} = join '', map { chr } $start .. $end+15;
192 utf8::upgrade($row{table}); # prevent latin1 output
193 $row{endpoint} = $end + 14 - $start;
194 $row{set} = sprintf 'Unicode block U+%02Xxx', $start >> 8;
196 elsif ($input eq 'U') {
197 $row{set} = 'Unicode planes';
198 $row{cell} = do 'charset-ucplanes.inc.pl'
199 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
201 $row{endpoint} = 1023 * $row{cell}->{colsize};
203 elsif ($row{set} = Encode::resolve_alias($input)) {
204 if ($row{set} eq 'Internal') {
205 $row{set} = 'Unicode BMP';
206 $row{cell} = do 'charset-unicode.inc.pl'
207 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
208 $row{endpoint} = ($endpoint || 8191) * $row{cell}->{colsize};
210 elsif ($row{set} eq 'utf-8-strict') {
212 $row{cell} = do 'charset-utf8.inc.pl'
213 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
214 $row{endpoint} = 255;
217 if ($row{set} eq 'MacHebrew' or $row{set} eq 'MacThai') {
218 # array of possibly multiple characters per code point
220 map { Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $_) } $row{offset} .. $endpoint
224 # ~16x faster than decoding in loop;
225 # substr strings is twice as fast as splitting to an array
226 $row{table} = Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $row{offset} .. $endpoint);
228 $row{endpoint} = $endpoint - $row{offset};
230 if ($row{set} eq 'cp437' and !$row{offset}) {
231 substr($row{table}, 237, 1) = pack 'U*', 0x3D5; # phi sign
232 substr($row{table}, 0, 32) = pack 'U*', map {hex} qw(
233 2007 263A 263B 2665 2666 2663 2660 2022
234 25D8 25CB 25D9 2642 2640 266A 266B 263C
235 25BA 25C4 2195 203C 00B6 00A7 25AC 21A8
236 2191 2193 2192 2190 221F 2194 25B2 25BC
240 $visible->{ascii} = # assume common base
241 $visible->{ $row{set} } = 1;
245 Alert("Encoding <q>$input</q> unknown");
248 push @request, \%row;
250 tabinput($_) for @tablist;
252 my $NOCHAR = chr 0xFFFD;
255 my ($info, $offset) = @_;
256 my $table = $info->{cell} or return;
257 my $def = $table->{$offset} or return;
258 my ($len, $class, $name, $title) = @{$def};
260 my $cols = $info->{cols};
261 my $colsize = $table->{colsize} || 1;
264 $name //= $len <= 2 ? 'res' : 'reserved';
266 if (my $part = $offset/$colsize % $cols) {
268 my $rest = $cols - $part; # remaining
269 $rest = $len if $len < $rest; #TODO: optimise
271 # continued on new row
272 my @next = ($len * $colsize, "$class joinu");
275 push @next, $name, $title;
280 # minority on next row
281 push @next, '"', $title || $name;
283 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rest} //= \@next;
288 elsif (my $rows = int($len / $cols)) {
290 if ($len -= $rows * $cols) {
291 # partial row remains
292 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rows * $cols} //= [$len*$colsize, "$class joinu", '', $title];
295 $attr .= sprintf ' rowspan=%d', $rows;
299 $attr .= sprintf ' colspan=%d', $len unless $len == 1;
300 $attr .= $1 if $class and $class =~ s/( \w+="[^"]*")//;
301 $attr .= sprintf ' class="%s"', $class if $class;
302 $attr .= sprintf ' title="%s"', EscapeHTML($title) if $title;
303 return "<td$attr>$name";
306 for my $row (@request) {
307 my $cols = $row->{cols};
308 my $colsize = $row->{cell} && $row->{cell}->{colsize} || 1;
309 my $coldigits = ceil(log($colsize * $cols) / log(16)); # uniform length of hexadecimal header
310 my $rowdiv = 16 ** $coldigits; # row divide for column digits
311 $rowdiv = 1 if $rowdiv != $cols * $colsize; # divide only if all columns are matched
314 printf '<div class="section"><table class="glyphs%s">', !$row->{cell} && ' charmap';
315 my $title = $row->{set};
316 $title .= " <aside>(over $_)</aside>"
317 for grep { $_ ne 'iso-8859-1' } $row->{parent} // ();
318 printf '<caption>%s</caption>', $title;
319 print '<col>' x ($cols + 1);
320 for my $section (qw{thead}) {
321 print "<$section><tr><th>", $rowdiv == 1 ? '+' : '↱';
322 printf '<th>%0*X', $coldigits, $_ * $colsize for 0 .. $cols - 1;
326 while ($offset < $row->{endpoint}) {
327 if ($row->{skip}->{$offset}) {
328 $offset += $cols * $colsize;
334 if (my $rowmod = $offset % $rowdiv) {
335 # offset in column units
336 printf '<small>+%X</small>', $rowmod;
340 printf '%X', ($offset + $row->{offset}) / $rowdiv;
345 print range_cell($row, $offset);
349 my $glyph = ref $row->{table} eq 'ARRAY' ? $row->{table}->[$offset] :
350 substr $row->{table}, $offset, 1;
351 if ($glyph eq $NOCHAR) {
356 if (exists $get{compare}) {
358 my $cp = $offset + $row->{offset};
359 printf '<td class="%s" title="%3$s">%2$s',
360 $cp == ord $glyph ? 'l4' :
361 $row->{parent} && $glyph eq
362 Encode::decode($row->{parent}, pack 'C', $cp) ? 'l3' :
363 $visible->{$glyph} ? 'l2' :
365 $glyphs->glyph_html($glyph);
366 $visible->{$glyph}++;
370 print "\n".$glyphs->glyph_cell($glyph);
377 say '</table></div>';
384 <table class="glyphs"><tr><: if (exists $get{compare}) { :>
385 <td class="X l4">unicode
386 <td class="X l3">inherited
387 <td class="X l2">existing
388 <td class="X l1">original
389 <td class="">unassigned
391 <td class="X Cc">control
392 <td class="X Zs"><span>whitespace</span>
393 <td class="X Mn">diacritic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
394 <td class="X Sk">letter
396 <td class="X Po">punctuation<table class="glyphs"><tr>
397 <td class="X Pf">quote
399 <td class="X So">symbol<table class="glyphs"><tr>
400 <td class="X Sm">math
401 <td class="X Sc">currency
403 <td class="X No">numeric
404 <td class="X Greek">greek<table class="glyphs"><tr>
405 <td class="X Latin">latin
406 <td class="X Cyrillic">cyrillic
408 <td class="X Aramaic">aramaic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
409 <td class="X Brahmic">brahmic
410 <td class="X Arabic">arabic
412 <td class="X Syllabic">syllabic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
413 <td class="X African">african
414 <td class="X Hiragana">japanese
415 <td class="X Han">cjk
416 <td class="X Bopomofo">chinese
418 <td class="X Alpha">alphabetic
421 <table class="glyphs"><tr>
422 <td class="X">unicode 7.0
423 <td class="X Xr">proposed
424 <td class="X Xd">deprecated
425 <td class="">unassigned
426 <td class="X Xi">invalid