4 title => 'charset cheat sheet',
7 "Reference sheet with all glyphs in common character encoding tables,",
8 "and an overview of Unicode ranges and UTF-8 bytes.",
11 charset codepage unicode ascii utf8 latin glyph character encoding
12 reference common overview table
14 stylesheet => [qw'light'],
15 data => [qw'charset-unicode.inc.pl charset-utf8.inc.pl'],
19 <h1>Character encoding</h1>
23 use Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar;
24 my $glyphs = Shiar_Sheet::FormatChar->new;
26 # generate character table(s)
27 # (~16x faster than decoding in loop;
28 # substr strings is twice as fast as splitting to an array)
30 # default => [qw(unicode utf-8 iso-8859-1 cp437 -cp1252- --iso-8859-15- -koi8-f)],
31 default => [qw(unicode- utf-8 iso-8859-1 -cp1252- --iso-8859-15- cp437 -cp850)],
32 0 => [qw(cp437 -cp863)],
33 1 => [qw(iso-8859-1 -cp1252 -MacRoman -cp850)],
34 2 => [qw(iso-8859-2 -cp1250 -cp852 -MacCentralEurRoman -MacCroatian -MacRumanian)],
35 5 => [qw(koi8-f -iso-8859-5 -cp1251 -MacCyrillic -cp855 -cp866)],
36 7 => [qw(iso-8859-7 -cp1253 -MacGreek -cp737 -cp869)],
37 8 => [qw(iso-8859-8 -cp1255 -MacHebrew -cp862)],
41 my %row = (offset => 0, cols => 16);
43 if ($input =~ s/^--//) {
44 $row{offset} = $endpoint > 160 ? 160 : 48;
46 elsif ($input =~ s/^-//) {
47 $row{offset} = $endpoint > 128 ? 128 : 32;
49 if ($input =~ s/-$//) {
50 $endpoint = $row{offset} ? $row{offset} < 160 ? 159 : 191 : 127;
53 $row{setnote} = 'over cp437' if $input eq 'cp850';
54 $row{setnote} = 'over iso-8859-1' if $input =~ /^iso-8859-|^cp125/;
57 if ($input =~ /^U([0-9a-f]+)(?:-([0-9a-f]+))?/) {
58 my $start = hex($1) << ($2 ? 4 : 8);
59 my $end = $2 ? hex($2) << 4 : $start + 240;
60 $row{table} = join '', map { chr } $start .. $end+15;
61 utf8::upgrade($row{table}); # prevent latin1 output
62 $row{set} = sprintf 'Unicode block U+%02Xxx', $start >> 8;
64 elsif ($input eq 'U') {
65 $row{table} = ' ' x 1024;
66 $row{set} = 'Unicode planes';
67 $row{cell} = do 'charset-ucplanes.inc.pl'
68 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
71 elsif ($row{set} = Encode::resolve_alias($input)) {
72 if ($row{set} eq 'Internal') {
73 $row{table} = ' ' x ($endpoint < 255 ? 640 : 8192);
74 $row{set} = 'Unicode BMP';
75 $row{cell} = do 'charset-unicode.inc.pl'
76 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
78 elsif ($row{set} eq 'utf-8-strict') {
81 $row{cell} = do 'charset-utf8.inc.pl'
82 or Alert('Table data could not be read', $@ || $!);
85 $row{table} = Encode::decode($row{set}, pack 'C*', $row{offset} .. $endpoint);
89 Alert("Encoding <q>$input</q> unknown");
91 $row{set} ? \%row : ();
96 } map { defined $ALIAS{$_} ? @{ $ALIAS{$_} } : $_ }
97 $Request =~ /\w/ ? split(m{[/+\s]}, $Request) : 'default';
98 my $NOCHAR = chr 0xFFFD;
100 for my $cp437 (grep {$request[$_]->{set} eq 'cp437'} 0 .. $#request) {
101 substr($request[$cp437]->{table}, 237, 1) = pack 'U*', 0x3D5; # phi sign
102 substr($request[$cp437]->{table}, 0, 32) = pack 'U*', map {hex} qw(
103 2007 263A 263B 2665 2666 2663 2660 2022 25D8 25CB 25D9 2642 2640 266A 266B 263C
104 25BA 25C4 2195 203C 00B6 00A7 25AC 21A8 2191 2193 2192 2190 221F 2194 25B2 25BC
109 my ($info, $offset) = @_;
110 my $table = $info->{cell} or return;
111 my $def = $table->{$offset} or return;
112 my ($len, $class, $name, $title) = @{$def};
114 my $cols = $info->{cols};
115 my $colsize = $table->{colsize} || 1;
118 $name //= $len <= 2 ? 'res' : 'reserved';
120 if (my $part = $offset/$colsize % $cols) {
122 my $rest = $cols - $part; # remaining
123 $rest = $len if $len < $rest; #TODO: optimise
125 # continued on new row
126 my @next = ($len * $colsize, "$class joinu");
129 push @next, $name, $title;
134 # minority on next row
135 push @next, '"', $title || $name;
137 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rest} //= \@next;
142 elsif (my $rows = int($len / $cols)) {
144 if ($len -= $rows * $cols) {
145 # partial row remains
146 $table->{$offset + $colsize*$rows * $cols} //= [$len*$colsize, "$class joinu", '', $title];
149 $attr .= sprintf ' rowspan=%d', $rows;
153 $attr .= sprintf ' colspan=%d', $len unless $len == 1;
154 $attr .= $1 if $class and $class =~ s/( \w+="[^"]*")//;
155 $attr .= sprintf ' class="%s"', $class if $class;
156 $attr .= sprintf ' title="%s"', EscapeHTML($title) if $title;
157 return "<td$attr>$name";
160 for my $row (@request) {
161 my $cols = $row->{cols};
162 my $colsize = $row->{cell} && $row->{cell}->{colsize} || 1;
163 my $coldigits = ceil(log($colsize * $cols) / log(16)); # uniform length of hexadecimal header
164 my $rowdiv = 16 ** $coldigits; # row divide for column digits
165 $rowdiv = 1 if $rowdiv != $cols * $colsize; # divide only if all columns are matched
167 my $endpoint = $offset + (length($row->{table}) || 256) * $colsize;
169 printf '<div class="section"><table class="glyphs%s">', !$row->{cell} && ' charmap';
170 my $title = $row->{set};
171 $title .= " <aside>($_)</aside>" for $row->{setnote} // ();
172 printf '<caption>%s</caption>', $title;
173 print '<col>' x ($cols + 1);
174 for my $section (qw{thead}) {
175 print "<$section><tr><th>", $rowdiv == 1 ? '+' : '↱';
176 printf '<th>%0*X', $coldigits, $_ * $colsize for 0 .. $cols - 1;
180 while ($offset < $endpoint - 1) {
183 if (my $rowmod = $offset % $rowdiv) {
184 # offset in column units
185 printf '<small>+%X</small>', $rowmod;
189 printf '%X', ($offset + $row->{offset}) / $rowdiv;
194 print range_cell($row, $offset);
198 my $glyph = substr $row->{table}, $offset, 1;
199 if ($glyph eq $NOCHAR) {
204 print "\n".$glyphs->glyph_cell($glyph);
211 say '</table></div>';
218 <table class="glyphs"><tr>
219 <td class="X Cc">control
220 <td class="X Zs"><span>whitespace</span>
221 <td class="X Mn">diacritic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
222 <td class="X Sk">letter
224 <td class="X Po">punctuation<table class="glyphs"><tr>
225 <td class="X Pf">quote
227 <td class="X So">symbol<table class="glyphs"><tr>
228 <td class="X Sm">math
229 <td class="X Sc">currency
231 <td class="X No">numeric
232 <td class="X Greek">greek<table class="glyphs"><tr>
233 <td class="X Latin">latin
234 <td class="X Cyrillic">cyrillic
236 <td class="X Aramaic">aramaic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
237 <td class="X Brahmic">brahmic
238 <td class="X Arabic">arabic
240 <td class="X Syllabic">syllabic<table class="glyphs"><tr>
241 <td class="X African">african
242 <td class="X Hiragana">japanese
243 <td class="X Han">cjk
244 <td class="X Bopomofo">chinese
246 <td class="X Alpha">alphabetic
249 <table class="glyphs"><tr>
250 <td class="X">unicode 7.0
251 <td class="X Xr">proposed
252 <td class="X Xd">deprecated
253 <td class="">unassigned
254 <td class="X Xi">invalid